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NaCl but not urea activates p38 and jun kinase in mIMCD3 murine inner medullary cells. 1996

Z Zhang, and D M Cohen
Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Clinical Pharmacology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, USA.

The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), p38 and jun kinase (JNK), are activated by diverse stressors in cells of nonrenal medullary origin. Epithelial cells of the renal medulla are among the very few cells of higher eukaryotes routinely subjected to hyperosmotic stress, composed of principally NaCl and urea. Hyperosmotic NaCl activated p38 and JNK in a time- and dose-dependent fashion in cells of the murine terminal inner medullary collecting duct cell line (mIMCD3) as determined by immune complex kinase assay. Hyperosmotic urea exerted a minimal effect upon only p38 activation, which was evident only at 5 min. The NaCl effect was dose dependent to 800 mosmol/kgH2O; 800 mosmol/kgH2O urea, in contrast, exerted no effect. Consistent with these observations, NaCl (800 mosmol/kgH2O) but not urea (800 mosmol/kgH2O) increased tyrosine phosphorylation of p38 and JNK at 10 min. Therefore, even in the extremely osmotolerant renal medullary mIMCD3 cell line, derived from a tissue adapted for routine exposure to elevated osmolality, hypertonic NaCl activated two stress-responsive MAPKs. Urea, in contrast, exerted virtually no effect; therefore, cellular protection from urea stress operates through a mechanism distinct from the stress-responsive MAPKs.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007679 Kidney Medulla The internal portion of the kidney, consisting of striated conical masses, the renal pyramids, whose bases are adjacent to the cortex and whose apices form prominent papillae projecting into the lumen of the minor calyces. Kidney Papilla,Kidney Medullas,Kidney Papillas,Medulla, Kidney,Medullas, Kidney,Papilla, Kidney,Papillas, Kidney
D007685 Kidney Tubules, Collecting Straight tubes commencing in the radiate part of the kidney cortex where they receive the curved ends of the distal convoluted tubules. In the medulla the collecting tubules of each pyramid converge to join a central tube (duct of Bellini) which opens on the summit of the papilla. Kidney Collecting Ducts,Kidney Collecting Duct,Collecting Duct, Kidney,Collecting Ducts, Kidney
D010766 Phosphorylation The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety. Phosphorylations
D011494 Protein Kinases A family of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of ATP and a protein to ADP and a phosphoprotein. Protein Kinase,Kinase, Protein,Kinases, Protein
D002460 Cell Line Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely. Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D004789 Enzyme Activation Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme. Activation, Enzyme,Activations, Enzyme,Enzyme Activations
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012965 Sodium Chloride A ubiquitous sodium salt that is commonly used to season food. Sodium Chloride, (22)Na,Sodium Chloride, (24)NaCl
D014162 Transfection The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES. Transfections
D014443 Tyrosine A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin. L-Tyrosine,Tyrosine, L-isomer,para-Tyrosine,L Tyrosine,Tyrosine, L isomer,para Tyrosine

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