Carotid artery volume flow: in vivo measurement with time-domain-processing US. 1997

S J Westra, and D J Levy, and J C Chaloupka, and J A Hill, and J M Robert, and J W Sayre, and F Viñuela
Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90095-1721, USA.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate carotid artery volume-flow measurements with time-domain-processing ultrasonography (US). METHODS Volume-flow measurements were obtained in the carotid arteries of nine swine with time-domain-processing US. Four swine were prepared with a model of an arteriovenous shunt. Flow through the carotid artery was varied by means of a number of physiologic and pharmacologic interventions. The reference standard for volume flow consisted of measurements with transit-time US flowmetry. At a limited number of measurement points, this reference standard was validated against true volume flow measured with timed collection. RESULTS For flow rates less than 500 mL/min, a linear correlation existed between measurements with time-domain processing and the US flow meter (r2 = .96, P < .001, slope = 1.117). Values above 500 mL/min were less well correlated with the reference standard. True flow was underestimated with both methods, less so with time-domain processing than with US flowmetry (underestimation, 10% versus 21%). Measurements were significantly less reproducible with time-domain processing than with US flowmetry (P < .001). Interobserver variability was negligible. CONCLUSIONS Because of operator errors, measurements with time-domain processing should be repeated at least three times to ensure accuracy and may be inaccurate in flow rates over 500 mL/min.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D001783 Blood Flow Velocity A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed. Blood Flow Velocities,Flow Velocities, Blood,Flow Velocity, Blood,Velocities, Blood Flow,Velocity, Blood Flow
D001810 Blood Volume Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME. Blood Volumes,Volume, Blood,Volumes, Blood
D002302 Cardiac Output The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat). Cardiac Outputs,Output, Cardiac,Outputs, Cardiac
D002550 Cerebral Veins Veins draining the cerebrum. Basal Vein,Pial Vein,Sylvian Vein,Thalamostriate Vein,Vein of Galen,Terminal Vein,Basal Veins,Cerebral Vein,Galen Vein,Pial Veins,Terminal Veins,Thalamostriate Veins,Vein, Basal,Vein, Cerebral,Vein, Pial,Vein, Sylvian,Vein, Terminal,Vein, Thalamostriate,Veins, Basal,Veins, Cerebral,Veins, Pial,Veins, Terminal,Veins, Thalamostriate
D004195 Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001165 Arteriovenous Malformations Abnormal formation of blood vessels that shunt arterial blood directly into veins without passing through the CAPILLARIES. They usually are crooked, dilated, and with thick vessel walls. A common type is the congenital arteriovenous fistula. The lack of blood flow and oxygen in the capillaries can lead to tissue damage in the affected areas. Arteriovenous Malformation,Malformation, Arteriovenous,Malformations, Arteriovenous
D012212 Rheology The study of the deformation and flow of matter, usually liquids or fluids, and of the plastic flow of solids. The concept covers consistency, dilatancy, liquefaction, resistance to flow, shearing, thixotrophy, and VISCOSITY. Flowmetry,Velocimetry,Velocimetries
D013552 Swine Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA). Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog
D014463 Ultrasonography The visualization of deep structures of the body by recording the reflections or echoes of ultrasonic pulses directed into the tissues. Use of ultrasound for imaging or diagnostic purposes employs frequencies ranging from 1.6 to 10 megahertz. Echography,Echotomography,Echotomography, Computer,Sonography, Medical,Tomography, Ultrasonic,Ultrasonic Diagnosis,Ultrasonic Imaging,Ultrasonographic Imaging,Computer Echotomography,Diagnosis, Ultrasonic,Diagnostic Ultrasound,Ultrasonic Tomography,Ultrasound Imaging,Diagnoses, Ultrasonic,Diagnostic Ultrasounds,Imaging, Ultrasonic,Imaging, Ultrasonographic,Imaging, Ultrasound,Imagings, Ultrasonographic,Imagings, Ultrasound,Medical Sonography,Ultrasonic Diagnoses,Ultrasonographic Imagings,Ultrasound, Diagnostic,Ultrasounds, Diagnostic

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