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New anti-human immunodeficiency virus immunoblot assays resolve nonspecific western blot results. 1997

H L Zaaijer, and T van Rixel, and P van Exel-Oehlers, and H T Cuypers, and P N Lelie
Viral Serology Department, Central Laboratory, Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service (CLB), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

BACKGROUND Two new anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2 (HIV-1/2) immunoblot assays, which use recombinant and synthetic antigens for antibody detection have become available. These assays might be able to resolve indeterminate anti-HIV Western blot results. METHODS The new anti-HIV immunoblot assays were used to test 67 samples from 31 HIV infected and 24 noninfected persons showing various anti-HIV Western blot patterns. RESULTS The immunoblots correctly identified eight HIV-2-positive samples and five late-stage HIV-1-positive samples. After 30 samples from 18 seroconverting persons were tested, the Western blot showed reactivity in 24 of 30 samples and the immunoblots showed reactivity in 21 of 30 samples (difference not significant). In 16 of 30 seroconversion samples, both immunoblot assays produced HIV-1-positive results. In accordance with various criteria for interpretation, the number of positive Western blot results was as follows: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 16 of 30 and World Health Organization, 13 of 30. When samples from non-HIV-infected persons were tested, both immunoblot assays resolved 20 (83%) of 24 samples showing indeterminate Western blot reactivity. CONCLUSIONS Although the sensitivity of the immunoblot assays should be validation in larger studies, the mere specificity of these assays makes them valuable for the exclusion of HIV infection in Western blot-indeterminate, HIV p24 antigen-negative samples.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D005189 False Positive Reactions Positive test results in subjects who do not possess the attribute for which the test is conducted. The labeling of healthy persons as diseased when screening in the detection of disease. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) False Positive Reaction,Positive Reaction, False,Positive Reactions, False,Reaction, False Positive,Reactions, False Positive
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012680 Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) Specificity,Sensitivity,Specificity and Sensitivity
D015153 Blotting, Western Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes. Immunoblotting, Western,Western Blotting,Western Immunoblotting,Blot, Western,Immunoblot, Western,Western Blot,Western Immunoblot,Blots, Western,Blottings, Western,Immunoblots, Western,Immunoblottings, Western,Western Blots,Western Blottings,Western Immunoblots,Western Immunoblottings
D015483 HIV Antibodies Antibodies reactive with HIV ANTIGENS. AIDS Antibodies,HIV-Associated Antibodies,HTLV-III Antibodies,HTLV-III-LAV Antibodies,LAV Antibodies,Lymphadenopathy-Associated Antibodies,T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III Antibodies, Human,HIV Associated Antibodies,HTLV III Antibodies,HTLV III LAV Antibodies,Lymphadenopathy Associated Antibodies,T Lymphotropic Virus Type III Antibodies, Human,Antibodies, AIDS,Antibodies, HIV,Antibodies, HIV Associated,Antibodies, HIV-Associated,Antibodies, HTLV III,Antibodies, HTLV-III,Antibodies, HTLV-III-LAV,Antibodies, LAV,Antibodies, Lymphadenopathy Associated,Antibodies, Lymphadenopathy-Associated
D015497 HIV-1 The type species of LENTIVIRUS and the etiologic agent of AIDS. It is characterized by its cytopathic effect and affinity for the T4-lymphocyte. Human immunodeficiency virus 1,HIV-I,Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1,Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1, Human
D015498 HIV-2 An HIV species related to HIV-1 but carrying different antigenic components and with differing nucleic acid composition. It shares serologic reactivity and sequence homology with the simian Lentivirus SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS and infects only T4-lymphocytes expressing the CD4 phenotypic marker. HTLV-IV,Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type IV,Human immunodeficiency virus 2,LAV-2,HIV-II,Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2,Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type IV,Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2, Human,SBL-6669
D015658 HIV Infections Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HTLV-III Infections,HTLV-III-LAV Infections,T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human,HIV Coinfection,Coinfection, HIV,Coinfections, HIV,HIV Coinfections,HIV Infection,HTLV III Infections,HTLV III LAV Infections,HTLV-III Infection,HTLV-III-LAV Infection,Infection, HIV,Infection, HTLV-III,Infection, HTLV-III-LAV,Infections, HIV,Infections, HTLV-III,Infections, HTLV-III-LAV,T Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human

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