Biomaterial Database

Neuronal responses to vestibular stimulation in the guinea pig hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. 1997

F Liu, and A Inokuchi, and S Komiyama

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

We investigated the effects of caloric stimulation on neuronal activity in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in anesthetized guinea pigs. Hot water stimulation of the contralateral labyrinth produced excitation in 29.4% of the PVN neurons tested, while cold water produced excitation in 22.2% of the neurons. Hot water resulted in inhibition of 22.4% of the neurons and cold water inhibition of 24.7% of the neurons. Intracranial vestibular nerve section greatly reduced responsiveness of the PVN neurons to caloric stimulation, indicating that the majority of the responses observed were vestibular in origin. The response pattern of the individual PVN neurons was similar following hot and cold water stimulation and after stimulation of the contralateral and ipsilateral labyrinths. These results suggest that the PVN neurons receive vestibular afferents bilaterally according to the intensity of vestibular stimulation, with the information received probably integrated in the hypothalamus to participate in vestibulo-autonomic reflexes.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007758	Ear, Inner	The essential part of the hearing organ consists of two labyrinthine compartments: the bony labyrinthine and the membranous labyrinth. The bony labyrinth is a complex of three interconnecting cavities or spaces (COCHLEA; VESTIBULAR LABYRINTH; and SEMICIRCULAR CANALS) in the TEMPORAL BONE. Within the bony labyrinth lies the membranous labyrinth which is a complex of sacs and tubules (COCHLEAR DUCT; SACCULE AND UTRICLE; and SEMICIRCULAR DUCTS) forming a continuous space enclosed by EPITHELIUM and connective tissue. These spaces are filled with LABYRINTHINE FLUIDS of various compositions.	Labyrinth,Bony Labyrinth,Ear, Internal,Inner Ear,Membranous Labyrinth,Bony Labyrinths,Ears, Inner,Ears, Internal,Inner Ears,Internal Ear,Internal Ears,Labyrinth, Bony,Labyrinth, Membranous,Labyrinths,Labyrinths, Bony,Labyrinths, Membranous,Membranous Labyrinths
D009433	Neural Inhibition	The function of opposing or restraining the excitation of neurons or their target excitable cells.	Inhibition, Neural
D009434	Neural Pathways	Neural tracts connecting one part of the nervous system with another.	Neural Interconnections,Interconnection, Neural,Interconnections, Neural,Neural Interconnection,Neural Pathway,Pathway, Neural,Pathways, Neural
D009474	Neurons	The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.	Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D009475	Neurons, Afferent	Neurons which conduct NERVE IMPULSES to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.	Afferent Neurons,Afferent Neuron,Neuron, Afferent
D010286	Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus	Nucleus in the anterior part of the HYPOTHALAMUS.	Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus,Paraventricular Nucleus,Hypothalamic Nucleus, Paraventricular,Nucleus, Hypothalamic Paraventricular,Nucleus, Paraventricular,Nucleus, Paraventricular Hypothalamic,Paraventricular Nucleus, Hypothalamic
D011930	Reaction Time	The time from the onset of a stimulus until a response is observed.	Response Latency,Response Speed,Response Time,Latency, Response,Reaction Times,Response Latencies,Response Times,Speed, Response,Speeds, Response
D012018	Reflex	An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.
D002150	Caloric Tests	Elicitation of a rotatory nystagmus by stimulating the semicircular canals with water or air which is above or below body temperature. In warm caloric stimulation a rotatory nystagmus is developed toward the side of the stimulated ear; in cold, away from the stimulated side. Absence of nystagmus indicates the labyrinth is not functioning.	Barany Test,Barany's Test,Baranys Test,Caloric Test,Test, Barany,Test, Barany's,Test, Caloric,Tests, Caloric
D003080	Cold Temperature	An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm.	Cold,Cold Temperatures,Temperature, Cold,Temperatures, Cold