The diagnostics of hyperlipoproteinaemias is essentially based on the proof of biochemical parameters. The simultaneous determination of triglycerides and cholesterol in the serum is the most important measure for establishing disturbances of the lipid metabolism. The behaviour of these two lipids, the consideration of the serum and the lipoprotein electrophoresis in most cases make possible a classification according to the distributed all over the world and clinically relevant division according to Fredrickson. Loading tests for the early recognition of hyperlipoproteinaemias - analogus to protodiabetes - are hitherto not yet known. Within the diagnostics shoude be taken into consideration that hyperliproproteinaemias are frequently associated with other metabolic diseases (obesity, gout, diabetes mellitus, hypertension) as so-called metabolic syndrome.