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Cell-mediated and antibody responses to Bordetella pertussis antigens in children vaccinated with acellular or whole-cell pertussis vaccines. The Progetto Pertosse-CMI Working Group. 1997

A Cassone, and C M Ausiello, and F Urbani, and R Lande, and M Giuliano, and A La Sala, and A Piscitelli, and S Salmaso
Department of Bacteriology and Medical Mycology, Rome, Italy, Instituto Superiore di Sanitá, Rome, Italy.

OBJECTIVE To examine induction and persistence of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and antibody responses to Bordetella pertussis antigens in infants receiving antipertussis vaccines. METHODS A randomized, blinded study of 142 children receiving acellular pertussis vaccines combined with diphtheria-tetanus toxoids (DTaP) (DTaP manufactured by SmithKline Beecham [DTaP-SB], Rixensart, Belgium, and DTaP manufactured by Chiron Biocin [DTaP-CB], Siena, Italy), or a whole-cell pertussis vaccine (DTwP) (Connaught Laboratories Inc, Swiftwater, Pa), or a diphtheria-tetanus (DT) (Chiron Biocine) only vaccine. Three doses of each vaccine were given at 2, 4, and 6 months of age, and CMI and antibody responses were evaluated before and at 1 and 14 months after vaccination. METHODS Cell-mediated immunity was assessed by proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated in vitro by B pertussis antigens (pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, and pertactin). Antibody titers against pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, and pertactin were determined by a standardized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS A CMI-positive response to at least 1 B pertussis antigen at 1 or both postvaccination assays was detected in 46%, 55%, and 83% of DTwP, DTaP-SB, and DTaP-CB vaccine recipients, respectively. Frequency of CMI response to individual antigens ranged from less than 4.9% against pertussis toxin in DTwP recipients to 52% against pertactin in DTaP-CB recipients. The postvaccination responses measured at 14 months equalled, or had increased frequency or intensity, that of the 1-month postvaccination responses. Elevated antibody titers against the 3 antigens were present in all DTaP recipients 1 month after vaccination and were higher in CMI-positive children than in CMI-negative children. They fell, however, to low, if not negligible, levels 14 months after vaccination. CONCLUSIONS Acellular pertussis vaccines were better inducers of CMI response than the whole-cell vaccine, particularly against pertussis toxin. Once acquired, CMI persisted, in contrast with the rapid antibody decline. Thus, CMI responses could be a useful adjunct to serology in the evaluation of pertussis vaccine immunogenicity and a better correlate of long-term immunity to B pertussis than antibody titers.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007111 Immunity, Cellular Manifestations of the immune response which are mediated by antigen-sensitized T-lymphocytes via lymphokines or direct cytotoxicity. This takes place in the absence of circulating antibody or where antibody plays a subordinate role. Cell-Mediated Immunity,Cellular Immune Response,Cell Mediated Immunity,Cell-Mediated Immunities,Cellular Immune Responses,Cellular Immunities,Cellular Immunity,Immune Response, Cellular,Immune Responses, Cellular,Immunities, Cell-Mediated,Immunities, Cellular,Immunity, Cell-Mediated,Response, Cellular Immune
D007115 Immunization Schedule Schedule giving optimum times usually for primary and/or secondary immunization. Immunization Schedules,Schedule, Immunization,Schedules, Immunization
D007223 Infant A child between 1 and 23 months of age. Infants
D010919 Placebos Any dummy medication or treatment. Although placebos originally were medicinal preparations having no specific pharmacological activity against a targeted condition, the concept has been extended to include treatments or procedures, especially those administered to control groups in clinical trials in order to provide baseline measurements for the experimental protocol. Sham Treatment
D001886 Bordetella pertussis A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that is the causative agent of WHOOPING COUGH. Its cells are minute coccobacilli that are surrounded by a slime sheath. Bacterium tussis-convulsivae,Haemophilus pertussis,Hemophilus pertussis
D004311 Double-Blind Method A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment. Double-Masked Study,Double-Blind Study,Double-Masked Method,Double Blind Method,Double Blind Study,Double Masked Method,Double Masked Study,Double-Blind Methods,Double-Blind Studies,Double-Masked Methods,Double-Masked Studies,Method, Double-Blind,Method, Double-Masked,Methods, Double-Blind,Methods, Double-Masked,Studies, Double-Blind,Studies, Double-Masked,Study, Double-Blind,Study, Double-Masked
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D014917 Whooping Cough A respiratory infection caused by BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS and characterized by paroxysmal coughing ending in a prolonged crowing intake of breath. Pertussis,Bordetella pertussis Infection, Respiratory,Cough, Whooping,Pertusses
D015721 Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine A vaccine consisting of DIPHTHERIA TOXOID; TETANUS TOXOID; and whole-cell PERTUSSIS VACCINE. The vaccine protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough. DPT Vaccine,DTP Vaccine,DTwP Vaccine,Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus Vaccine,Di-Te-Per Vaccine,Di Te Per Vaccine,Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus Vaccine,Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis Vaccine,Vaccine, DPT,Vaccine, DTP,Vaccine, DTwP,Vaccine, Di-Te-Per,Vaccine, Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus,Vaccine, Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis

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