The commissural intestinal obstruction and commissural disease are two variants of the commissural syndrome characterized by a complete or partial disturbance of the intestinal transit. The data of 390 clinical observations have shown that choice of methods of treatment must be based on the topical diagnosis of the syndrome such as the establishment of the place of obstruction and assessment of the degree of the intestinal transit disturbance. In the both cases a new roentgenological technique of investigation can be used with contrast labels. The new approaches to medical tactics allowed the time of diagnosing the commissural syndrome to become shorter and to considerably improve the direct results of the operative procedures.