Biomaterial Database

Animal models in autoimmune disease in immunotoxicity assessment. 1997

J C Farine

Laboratoires OM S.A., Geneva, Switzerland.

To assess the immunotoxicological potential of chemicals or drugs in autoimmune processes, different autoimmune disease models are available in animals. They may provide good examples of the same immunological processes which are involved in natural human autoimmune diseases. Some models, such as those of arthritis, lupus, diabetes, thyroiditis and encephalitis, are discussed. Unfortunately, the diversity of their different possibilities of immunoregulation and outcome makes it very difficult to standardise a model for the purpose of the immunotoxicology study. Some drugs show controversial activities in different models. Indeed, in some models, the autoimmune disease occurs spontaneously, in some others it has to be induced. The incidence and severity can change from one species to the other and varies with sex and strain. Stress and infection can also exert a strong influence. Until now, it is impossible to suggest one ideal animal model to study autoimmune toxicity of chemicals or drugs.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D004195	Disease Models, Animal	Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001327	Autoimmune Diseases	Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides.	Autoimmune Disease,Disease, Autoimmune,Diseases, Autoimmune
D064420	Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions	Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals.	Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reaction,Adverse Drug Event,Adverse Drug Reaction,Drug Side Effects,Drug Toxicity,Side Effects of Drugs,Toxicity, Drug,Adverse Drug Events,Adverse Drug Reactions,Drug Event, Adverse,Drug Events, Adverse,Drug Reaction, Adverse,Drug Reactions, Adverse,Drug Related Side Effects and Adverse Reaction,Drug Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions,Drug Side Effect,Drug Toxicities,Effects, Drug Side,Reactions, Adverse Drug,Side Effect, Drug,Side Effects, Drug,Toxicities, Drug