Biomaterial Database

Sequence variation of the human immunodeficiency virus primer-binding site suggests the use of an alternative tRNA(Lys) molecule in reverse transcription. 1997

A T Das, and B Klaver, and B Berkhout

Department of Human Retrovirology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Retroviruses use a cellular tRNA molecule as primer for reverse transcription. The complementarity between the 3' end of this tRNA and a sequence near the 5' end of the viral RNA, the primer-binding site (PBS), allows the primer to anneal onto the viral RNA. During reverse transcription 18 nucleotides of the tRNA primer are copied into the viral cDNA, thereby regenerating the PBS sequence of the progeny. Thus, the PBS sequence reveals which primer was used. Human immunodeficiency viruses are known to replicate efficiently with tRNA(Lys3) as primer. Examination of the PBS sequence in natural and laboratory isolates indicates that a variant tRNA(Lys) is occasionally used as primer. This variant, for which the murine genomic sequence was described previously, was termed tRNA(Lys5) and differs from tRNA(Lys3) at five nucleotide positions. These results suggest that HIV uses both tRNA(Lys3) and tRNA(Lys5) molecules as primer, causing a switch of the PBS sequence.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001483	Base Sequence	The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.	DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D001665	Binding Sites	The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.	Combining Site,Binding Site,Combining Sites,Site, Binding,Site, Combining,Sites, Binding,Sites, Combining
D012357	RNA, Transfer, Lys	A transfer RNA which is specific for carrying lysine to sites on the ribosomes in preparation for protein synthesis.	Lysine-Specific tRNA,Transfer RNA, Lys,tRNALys,tRNA(Lys),Lys Transfer RNA,Lysine Specific tRNA,RNA, Lys Transfer,tRNA, Lysine-Specific
D014158	Transcription, Genetic	The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.	Genetic Transcription
D014779	Virus Replication	The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.	Viral Replication,Replication, Viral,Replication, Virus,Replications, Viral,Replications, Virus,Viral Replications,Virus Replications
D015497	HIV-1	The type species of LENTIVIRUS and the etiologic agent of AIDS. It is characterized by its cytopathic effect and affinity for the T4-lymphocyte.	Human immunodeficiency virus 1,HIV-I,Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1,Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1, Human
D015658	HIV Infections	Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).	HTLV-III Infections,HTLV-III-LAV Infections,T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human,HIV Coinfection,Coinfection, HIV,Coinfections, HIV,HIV Coinfections,HIV Infection,HTLV III Infections,HTLV III LAV Infections,HTLV-III Infection,HTLV-III-LAV Infection,Infection, HIV,Infection, HTLV-III,Infection, HTLV-III-LAV,Infections, HIV,Infections, HTLV-III,Infections, HTLV-III-LAV,T Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human
D017421	Sequence Analysis	A multistage process that includes the determination of a sequence (protein, carbohydrate, etc.), its fragmentation and analysis, and the interpretation of the resulting sequence information.	Sequence Determination,Analysis, Sequence,Determination, Sequence,Determinations, Sequence,Sequence Determinations,Analyses, Sequence,Sequence Analyses