Biomaterial Database

Renal injury mediated calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis: role of lipid peroxidation. 1997

A Muthukumar, and R Selvam

Department of Medical Biochemistry Dr. A. L. M. Post-Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences University of Madras Taramani, India.

The role of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in renal tubular damage mediated calcium oxalate retention was investigated in a rat model. Hyperoxaluria, without deposition of oxalate in kidney, was induced by administration of ethylene glycol (EG), a precursor of oxalate. Oxidative stress condition was produced by administration of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of glutathione biosynthesis. BSO-treated rats showed a significant (p < 0.001) increase in LPO over EG-treated rats and it was almost doubled in BSO + EG treated rats. LPO was accompanied by significant urinary excretion of renal damage marker enzymes such as gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and cathepsin D, mucoproteins, and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the BSO and BSO + EG groups but not in the EG group. Urinary excretion of gamma-GT (r = +0.90) (p < 0.001) and deposition of oxalate (r = +0.78) (p < 0.001) in kidney positively correlated with LPO. These results suggest that LPO initiates renal damage, thereby leading to calcium oxalate retention and stone formation.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007668	Kidney	Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.	Kidneys
D007669	Kidney Calculi	Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.	Kidney Stones,Renal Calculi,Nephrolith,Renal Calculus,Calculi, Kidney,Calculi, Renal,Calculus, Kidney,Calculus, Renal,Kidney Calculus,Kidney Stone,Stone, Kidney,Stones, Kidney
D008297	Male		Males
D001835	Body Weight	The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	Body Weights,Weight, Body,Weights, Body
D002129	Calcium Oxalate	The calcium salt of oxalic acid, occurring in the urine as crystals and in certain calculi.	Calcium Oxalate (1:1),Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate,Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate (1:1),Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate,Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate (1:1),Calcium Oxalate Trihydrate,Dihydrate, Calcium Oxalate,Monohydrate, Calcium Oxalate,Oxalate, Calcium,Trihydrate, Calcium Oxalate
D005026	Ethylene Glycols	An ethylene compound with two hydroxy groups (-OH) located on adjacent carbons. They are viscous and colorless liquids. Some are used as anesthetics or hypnotics. However, the class is best known for their use as a coolant or antifreeze.	Dihydroxyethanes,Ethanediols,Glycols, Ethylene
D005723	gamma-Glutamyltransferase	An enzyme, sometimes called GGT, with a key role in the synthesis and degradation of GLUTATHIONE; (GSH, a tripeptide that protects cells from many toxins). It catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety to an acceptor amino acid.	GGTP,Glutamyl Transpeptidase,gammaglutamyltransferase,gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase,Transpeptidase, Glutamyl,Transpeptidase, gamma-Glutamyl,gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase,gamma Glutamyltransferase
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D015227	Lipid Peroxidation	Peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of lipids using hydrogen peroxide as an electron acceptor.	Lipid Peroxidations,Peroxidation, Lipid,Peroxidations, Lipid
D017208	Rats, Wistar	A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.	Wistar Rat,Rat, Wistar,Wistar Rats