Characterization of the carrot beta-tubulin gene coding a divergent isotype, beta-2. 1997

S Okamura, and K Naito, and S Sonehara, and H Ohkawa, and S Kuramori, and M Tatsuta, and M Minamizono, and T Kataoka
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan. okamura@ms.toyama-mpu.ac.jp

Four different beta-tubulin clones were isolated from carrot genomic and cDNA libraries. Their nucleotide sequences were determined 1 and their predicted amino acids were compared with each other. The predicted amino acid composition of the C-terminal region of three of them (beta-1, 3, 4) resembled one another, but that of one isotype (beta-2) was divergent. The beta-2 tubulin included two hydroxyl amino acids, serine and threonine, and consisted of a lower number of negatively charged amino acids than the others in the C-terminal region. The predicted hydrophobicity profile of the beta-2 tubulin around the residue 200 is less hydrophobic than beta-1, but it is still more hydrophobic than those of animal and fungal beta-tubulins. The beta-2 gene was transcribed in cultured cells and flowers, while the beta-1 gene was ubiquitously transcribed in cultured cells, roots, shoots and flowers. When the predicted amino acids of plant tubulin were compared with those of other organisms, substitutions from non-polar amino acids to those with hydroxyl group were conspicuous in the region corresponding to the third exon in the plant genes.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D010582 Bacteriophage lambda A temperate inducible phage and type species of the genus lambda-like viruses, in the family SIPHOVIRIDAE. Its natural host is E. coli K12. Its VIRION contains linear double-stranded DNA with single-stranded 12-base 5' sticky ends. The DNA circularizes on infection. Coliphage lambda,Enterobacteria phage lambda,Phage lambda,lambda Phage
D002460 Cell Line Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely. Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D000595 Amino Acid Sequence The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION. Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001483 Base Sequence The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence. DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D014404 Tubulin A microtubule subunit protein found in large quantities in mammalian brain. It has also been isolated from SPERM FLAGELLUM; CILIA; and other sources. Structurally, the protein is a dimer with a molecular weight of approximately 120,000 and a sedimentation coefficient of 5.8S. It binds to COLCHICINE; VINCRISTINE; and VINBLASTINE. alpha-Tubulin,beta-Tubulin,delta-Tubulin,epsilon-Tubulin,gamma-Tubulin,alpha Tubulin,beta Tubulin,delta Tubulin,epsilon Tubulin,gamma Tubulin
D015870 Gene Expression The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION. Expression, Gene,Expressions, Gene,Gene Expressions
D017343 Genes, Plant The functional hereditary units of PLANTS. Plant Genes,Gene, Plant,Plant Gene
D017386 Sequence Homology, Amino Acid The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species. Homologous Sequences, Amino Acid,Amino Acid Sequence Homology,Homologs, Amino Acid Sequence,Homologs, Protein Sequence,Homology, Protein Sequence,Protein Sequence Homologs,Protein Sequence Homology,Sequence Homology, Protein,Homolog, Protein Sequence,Homologies, Protein Sequence,Protein Sequence Homolog,Protein Sequence Homologies,Sequence Homolog, Protein,Sequence Homologies, Protein,Sequence Homologs, Protein

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