Biomaterial Database

The presence of hrp genes on the pathogenicity-associated plasmid of the tumorigenic bacterium Erwinia herbicola pv. gypsophilae. 1997

R Nizan, and I Barash, and L Valinsky, and A Lichter, and S Manulis

Department of Plant Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.

The pathogenicity-associated plasmid (pPATH) of Erwinia herbicola pv. gypsophilae (Ehg), which is present only in pathogenic strains, contains a gene cluster encoding indole-3-acetic acid and cytokinin biosynthesis. The transposon-reporter Tn3-Spice was used to generate nonpathogenic mutants on two overlapping cosmids, pLA150 and pLA352, of the pPATH. A cluster of such mutations, which spanned 16 kb, mapped approximately 15 kb from the gene cluster involved in phytohormone biosynthesis. Non-pathogenic mutants also failed to elicit the hypersensitive reaction (HR) on tobacco. Pathogenicity and HR were restored concomitantly to these mutants by in trans complementation with wild-type Ehg DNA. A 3.8-kb HindIII DNA fragment that complemented the hrp mutants was sequenced and six complete and two partial open reading frames (ORFs) were identified. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the eight ORFs showed striking homology and co-linearity with hrp genes of E. amylovora as well as with other plant and mammalian pathogenic bacterial genes encoding proteins of the type III secretion system. Limited DNA sequencing at various sites on the remaining 11-kb region of pLA352 also showed high identity to Hrp proteins of E. amylovora, E. stewartii, and Pseudomonas syringae. These results suggest that hrp genes are mandatory for gall formation by E. herbicola pv. gypsophilae.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007210	Indoleacetic Acids	Acetic acid derivatives of the heterocyclic compound indole. (Merck Index, 11th ed)	Auxin,Auxins,Indolylacetic Acids,Acids, Indoleacetic,Acids, Indolylacetic
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D009154	Mutation	Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.	Mutations
D010941	Plant Tumors	A localized proliferation of plant tissue forming a swelling or outgrowth, commonly with a characteristic shape and unlike any organ of the normal plant. Plant tumors or galls usually form in response to the action of a pathogen or a pest. (Holliday, P., A Dictionary of Plant Pathology, 1989, p330)	Crown Gall,Galls, Plant,Plant Galls,Crown Galls,Gall, Crown,Gall, Plant,Galls, Crown,Plant Gall,Plant Tumor,Tumor, Plant,Tumors, Plant
D010957	Plasmids	Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.	Episomes,Episome,Plasmid
D002874	Chromosome Mapping	Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.	Gene Mapping,Linkage Mapping,Genome Mapping,Chromosome Mappings,Gene Mappings,Genome Mappings,Linkage Mappings,Mapping, Chromosome,Mapping, Gene,Mapping, Genome,Mapping, Linkage,Mappings, Chromosome,Mappings, Gene,Mappings, Genome,Mappings, Linkage
D003583	Cytokinins	Plant hormones that promote the separation of daughter cells after mitotic division of a parent cell. Frequently they are purine derivatives.	Cytokinin
D004885	Erwinia	A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria whose organisms are associated with plants as pathogens, saprophytes, or as constituents of the epiphytic flora.
D005798	Genes, Bacterial	The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.	Bacterial Gene,Bacterial Genes,Gene, Bacterial
D005810	Multigene Family	A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)	Gene Clusters,Genes, Reiterated,Cluster, Gene,Clusters, Gene,Families, Multigene,Family, Multigene,Gene Cluster,Gene, Reiterated,Multigene Families,Reiterated Gene,Reiterated Genes