Biomaterial Database

[Functional role of muscarinic M1 receptor for the ganglionic transmission in the rat superior cervical ganglion]. 1997

T Ikeda

First Department of Pharmacology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.

To elucidate the sympathetic ganglia transmission via muscarinic M1 receptor subtype, we focused on the external carotid nerve (ECN), which branches from the superior cervical ganglion and innervates the thyroid gland. In addition, thyroid blood flow (TBF) was measured by a Laser Doppler blood flow meter as an indicator for the function of ECN. A relatively specific M1 agonist, AF102B, elicited a burst depolarization of ECN and an increase in TBF. Pretreatment with a selective M1 antagonist, pirenzepine, inhibited these responses. Superior cervical ganglionectomy also suppressed the AF102B-induced increase in TBF. In contrast, electric stimulation of the sympathetic trunk elicited a TBF decrease. Nicotinic receptor agonist, DMPP (dimethylphenylpiperazinium) evoked a short-term ECN depolarization, but decreased the TBF. These responses were blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonist, hexamethonium (C6), but not only by pirenzepine. Pretreatment with nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, L-NAME, suppressed the AF102B-induced increase in TBF. These findings suggest that the M1 receptor subtype may modulate the sympathetic ganglionic transmission which has a mechanism different from nicotinic transmission in terms of functional roles, i.e., blood flow changes. Furthermore, the NO system might be involved in sympathetic ganglia transmission via the M1 receptor subtype in the rat cervical ganglion.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009435	Synaptic Transmission	The communication from a NEURON to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a SYNAPSE. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a NEUROTRANSMITTER that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors, activating them. The activated receptors modulate specific ion channels and/or second-messenger systems in the postsynaptic cell. In electrical synaptic transmission, electrical signals are communicated as an ionic current flow across ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES.	Neural Transmission,Neurotransmission,Transmission, Neural,Transmission, Synaptic
D010277	Parasympathomimetics	Drugs that mimic the effects of parasympathetic nervous system activity. Included here are drugs that directly stimulate muscarinic receptors and drugs that potentiate cholinergic activity, usually by slowing the breakdown of acetylcholine (CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS). Drugs that stimulate both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic neurons (GANGLIONIC STIMULANTS) are not included here.	Parasympathomimetic Agents,Parasympathomimetic Drugs,Parasympathomimetic Effect,Parasympathomimetic Effects,Agents, Parasympathomimetic,Drugs, Parasympathomimetic,Effect, Parasympathomimetic,Effects, Parasympathomimetic
D010890	Pirenzepine	An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal ulcers and due to its cytoprotective action is beneficial in the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence. It also potentiates the effect of other antiulcer agents such as CIMETIDINE and RANITIDINE. It is generally well tolerated by patients.	Gastrotsepin,Gastrozepin,L-S 519,LS-519,Piren-Basan,Pirenzepin,Pirenzepin Von Ct,Pirenzepin-Ratiopharm,Pirenzepine Dihydrochloride,Pyrenzepine,Ulcoprotect,Ulgescum,Dihydrochloride, Pirenzepine,LS 519,LS519,Piren Basan,Pirenzepin Ratiopharm,Von Ct, Pirenzepin
D011812	Quinuclidines	A class of organic compounds which contain two rings that share a pair of bridgehead carbon atoms and contains an amine group.	Quinuclidine
D011976	Receptors, Muscarinic	One of the two major classes of cholinergic receptors. Muscarinic receptors were originally defined by their preference for MUSCARINE over NICOTINE. There are several subtypes (usually M1, M2, M3....) that are characterized by their cellular actions, pharmacology, and molecular biology.	Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors,Muscarinic Receptors,Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor,Muscarinic Receptor,Acetylcholine Receptor, Muscarinic,Acetylcholine Receptors, Muscarinic,Receptor, Muscarinic,Receptor, Muscarinic Acetylcholine,Receptors, Muscarinic Acetylcholine
D011978	Receptors, Nicotinic	One of the two major classes of cholinergic receptors. Nicotinic receptors were originally distinguished by their preference for NICOTINE over MUSCARINE. They are generally divided into muscle-type and neuronal-type (previously ganglionic) based on pharmacology, and subunit composition of the receptors.	Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors,Nicotinic Receptors,Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor,Nicotinic Receptor,Acetylcholine Receptor, Nicotinic,Acetylcholine Receptors, Nicotinic,Receptor, Nicotinic,Receptor, Nicotinic Acetylcholine,Receptors, Nicotinic Acetylcholine
D004246	Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide	A selective nicotinic cholinergic agonist used as a research tool. DMPP activates nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia but has little effect at the neuromuscular junction.	DMPP,1,1-Dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazine Iodide,Dimethylphenylpiperazinium,1,1 Dimethyl 4 phenylpiperazine Iodide,Iodide, 1,1-Dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazine,Iodide, Dimethylphenylpiperazinium
D005731	Ganglionic Stimulants	Agents that mimic neural transmission by stimulation of the nicotinic receptors on postganglionic autonomic neurons. Drugs that indirectly augment ganglionic transmission by increasing the release or slowing the breakdown of acetylcholine or by non-nicotinic effects on postganglionic neurons are not included here nor are the nonspecific cholinergic agonists.	Stimulants, Ganglionic
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia