BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Urinary estrogen metabolites and breast cancer: a case-control study. 1997

G C Kabat, and C J Chang, and J A Sparano, and D W Sepkovie, and X P Hu, and A Khalil, and R Rosenblatt, and H L Bradlow
Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.

Preliminary studies suggest that the estrogen metabolite 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone is associated with breast cancer, whereas 2-hydroxyestrone is not. However, epidemiological studies evaluating this relationship and taking established risk factors for breast cancer into account are lacking. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of the ratio of the urinary estrogen metabolites (2-hydroxyestrone and 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone) and of the individual metabolites with breast cancer. A spot urine sample, a brief history, and clinical data were collected from breast cancer cases (n = 42) and from women coming to the hospital for a routine mammogram or attending a free breast cancer screening (n = 64). 2-Hydroxyestrone and 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone were measured by enzyme immunoassay, and the estrogen metabolite ratio (EMR; 2-hydroxyestrone:16 alpha-hydroxyestrone) was computed. Cases and controls were similar in terms of age (mean age of cases, 53.8 +/- 15.1 years, versus 54.2 +/- 10.4 years for controls; P = 0.9) and demographics. Mean EMR was not associated with breast cancer overall (1.67 +/- 0.80 versus 1.72 +/- 0.66; P = 0.7). However, in postmenopausal women, the mean EMR was significantly lower in cases compared to controls (1.41 +/- 0.73 versus 1.81 +/- 0.71; P = 0.05). The multivariate adjusted odds ratios for the intermediate and lowest tertiles of the EMR relative to the highest among postmenopausal women were 9.73 (95% confidence interval, 1.27-74.84) and 32.74 (95% confidence interval, 3.36-319.09), respectively. The test for trend was highly significant (P = 0.003). Analyses of the individual metabolites indicated that 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone was a strong risk factor. The EMR did not show any consistent associations with age, race/ethnicity, age at first birth, parity, body mass index, family history of breast cancer, smoking, or alcohol intake. These data suggest a strong, inverse association of the EMR and a strong positive association of 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone with breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Larger studies are needed to confirm these results and to assess the relationship of the EMR and of the individual metabolites with breast cancer, with attention to menopausal status and clinical factors and with adjustment for known breast cancer risk factors.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009518 New York State bounded on the north by Lake Ontario and Canada, on the east by Vermont, Massachusetts, and Connecticut, on the south by the Atlantic Ocean, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, and on the west by Pennsylvania, Lake Erie, and Canada.
D001943 Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. Breast Cancer,Breast Tumors,Cancer of Breast,Breast Carcinoma,Cancer of the Breast,Human Mammary Carcinoma,Malignant Neoplasm of Breast,Malignant Tumor of Breast,Mammary Cancer,Mammary Carcinoma, Human,Mammary Neoplasm, Human,Mammary Neoplasms, Human,Neoplasms, Breast,Tumors, Breast,Breast Carcinomas,Breast Malignant Neoplasm,Breast Malignant Neoplasms,Breast Malignant Tumor,Breast Malignant Tumors,Breast Neoplasm,Breast Tumor,Cancer, Breast,Cancer, Mammary,Cancers, Mammary,Carcinoma, Breast,Carcinoma, Human Mammary,Carcinomas, Breast,Carcinomas, Human Mammary,Human Mammary Carcinomas,Human Mammary Neoplasm,Human Mammary Neoplasms,Mammary Cancers,Mammary Carcinomas, Human,Neoplasm, Breast,Neoplasm, Human Mammary,Neoplasms, Human Mammary,Tumor, Breast
D004967 Estrogens Compounds that interact with ESTROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of ESTRADIOL. Estrogens stimulate the female reproductive organs, and the development of secondary female SEX CHARACTERISTICS. Estrogenic chemicals include natural, synthetic, steroidal, or non-steroidal compounds. Estrogen,Estrogen Effect,Estrogen Effects,Estrogen Receptor Agonists,Estrogenic Agents,Estrogenic Compounds,Estrogenic Effect,Estrogenic Effects,Agents, Estrogenic,Agonists, Estrogen Receptor,Compounds, Estrogenic,Effects, Estrogen,Effects, Estrogenic,Receptor Agonists, Estrogen
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006894 Hydroxyestrones Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly
D012306 Risk The probability that an event will occur. It encompasses a variety of measures of the probability of a generally unfavorable outcome. Relative Risk,Relative Risks,Risk, Relative,Risks,Risks, Relative

Related Publications

G C Kabat, and C J Chang, and J A Sparano, and D W Sepkovie, and X P Hu, and A Khalil, and R Rosenblatt, and H L Bradlow
Urinary estrogen metabolites and prostate cancer: a case-control study and meta-analysis.
October 2009, Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR,
G C Kabat, and C J Chang, and J A Sparano, and D W Sepkovie, and X P Hu, and A Khalil, and R Rosenblatt, and H L Bradlow
Urinary estrogen metabolites and prostate cancer: a case-control study in the United States.
December 2002, Cancer causes & control : CCC,
G C Kabat, and C J Chang, and J A Sparano, and D W Sepkovie, and X P Hu, and A Khalil, and R Rosenblatt, and H L Bradlow
Relationship of serum estrogens and estrogen metabolites to postmenopausal breast cancer risk: a nested case-control study.
April 2013, Breast cancer research : BCR,
G C Kabat, and C J Chang, and J A Sparano, and D W Sepkovie, and X P Hu, and A Khalil, and R Rosenblatt, and H L Bradlow
Urinary Estrogen Metabolites and Long-Term Mortality Following Breast Cancer.
June 2020, JNCI cancer spectrum,
G C Kabat, and C J Chang, and J A Sparano, and D W Sepkovie, and X P Hu, and A Khalil, and R Rosenblatt, and H L Bradlow
Urinary estrogen metabolites and breast cancer risk in Chinese population.
December 2021, Endocrine connections,
G C Kabat, and C J Chang, and J A Sparano, and D W Sepkovie, and X P Hu, and A Khalil, and R Rosenblatt, and H L Bradlow
Correspondence re: G. C. Kabat et al., Urinary estrogen metabolites and breast cancer: a case-control study. Cancer Epidemiol., Biomark. Prev., 6: 505-509, 1997.
January 1998, Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology,
G C Kabat, and C J Chang, and J A Sparano, and D W Sepkovie, and X P Hu, and A Khalil, and R Rosenblatt, and H L Bradlow
Urinary estrogen metabolites and prostate cancer risk: a pilot study.
April 2011, The Prostate,
G C Kabat, and C J Chang, and J A Sparano, and D W Sepkovie, and X P Hu, and A Khalil, and R Rosenblatt, and H L Bradlow
A case-control study of menopausal estrogen therapy and breast cancer.
April 1980, JAMA,
G C Kabat, and C J Chang, and J A Sparano, and D W Sepkovie, and X P Hu, and A Khalil, and R Rosenblatt, and H L Bradlow
Estrogen metabolites and breast cancer.
July 2015, Steroids,
G C Kabat, and C J Chang, and J A Sparano, and D W Sepkovie, and X P Hu, and A Khalil, and R Rosenblatt, and H L Bradlow
Urinary titanium and vanadium and breast cancer: a case-control study.
April 2012, Nutrition and cancer,
Copied contents to your clipboard!