Biomaterial Database

Role of T helper 2 cells in intestinal goblet cell hyperplasia in mice infected with Trichinella spiralis. 1997

N Ishikawa, and D Wakelin, and Y R Mahida

Division of Gastroenterology, University of Nottingham, England.

OBJECTIVE The four principal types of intestinal epithelial cells are derived from multipotent stem cells. Currently, there is no information on factors that regulate commitment of stem cells to differentiate along one lineage vs. another. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of T cells in the regulation of small intestinal goblet cell hyperplasia in mice infected with the parasite Trichinella spiralis. METHODS NIH mice were infected with T. spiralis, and intestinal goblet cells and cytokine response were studied. Interferon gamma and interleukin 5 were used as candidate T helper (Th)1 and Th2 cytokines, respectively. Adoptive transfer experiments were also performed. RESULTS Small intestinal goblet cell hyperplasia occurred 8 days after infection with T. spiralis. Th1-type cells were predominant in the mesenteric lymph nodes early in the course of infection, with a switch to Th2-predominant cells around the time of goblet cell hyperplasia. Transfer of Th2-enriched mesenteric lymph node cells further enhanced goblet cell hyperplasia in recipient mice. Neutralization of interleukin 5 activity did not affect T. spiralis-induced goblet cell hyperplasia. CONCLUSIONS Small intestinal goblet cell hyperplasia in T. spiralis-infected mice is probably regulated by Th2 cells. We postulate that Th2-derived factors (other than interleukin 5) induce stem cells to differentiate preferentially along the goblet cell lineage.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006965	Hyperplasia	An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.	Hyperplasias
D007371	Interferon-gamma	The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.	Interferon Type II,Interferon, Immune,gamma-Interferon,Interferon, gamma,Type II Interferon,Immune Interferon,Interferon, Type II
D007421	Intestine, Small	The portion of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT between the PYLORUS of the STOMACH and the ILEOCECAL VALVE of the LARGE INTESTINE. It is divisible into three portions: the DUODENUM, the JEJUNUM, and the ILEUM.	Small Intestine,Intestines, Small,Small Intestines
D008198	Lymph Nodes	They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.	Lymph Node,Node, Lymph,Nodes, Lymph
D008297	Male		Males
D008815	Mice, Inbred Strains	Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.	Inbred Mouse Strains,Inbred Strain of Mice,Inbred Strain of Mouse,Inbred Strains of Mice,Mouse, Inbred Strain,Inbred Mouse Strain,Mouse Inbred Strain,Mouse Inbred Strains,Mouse Strain, Inbred,Mouse Strains, Inbred,Strain, Inbred Mouse,Strains, Inbred Mouse
D002454	Cell Differentiation	Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.	Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D004848	Epithelium	The layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS which cover the inner and outer surfaces of the cutaneous, mucus, and serous tissues and glands of the body.	Mesothelium,Epithelial Tissue,Mesothelial Tissue,Epithelial Tissues,Mesothelial Tissues,Tissue, Epithelial,Tissue, Mesothelial,Tissues, Epithelial,Tissues, Mesothelial
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013234	Stem Cells	Relatively undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to divide and proliferate throughout postnatal life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.	Colony-Forming Units,Mother Cells,Progenitor Cells,Colony-Forming Unit,Cell, Mother,Cell, Progenitor,Cell, Stem,Cells, Mother,Cells, Progenitor,Cells, Stem,Colony Forming Unit,Colony Forming Units,Mother Cell,Progenitor Cell,Stem Cell