Biomaterial Database

Solid-phase extraction in amphetamine and methamphetamine analysis of urine. 1997

M R Lee, and S C Yu, and C L Lin, and Y C Yeh, and Y L Chen, and S H Hu

Department of Chemistry National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan (R.O.C.).

A systematic evaluation that compares the recoveries of methamphetamine and amphetamine from spiked urine using C8, C18, strong cation exchanger (SCX), and C8-SCX mixed procedures (solid-phase extraction) is reported. Optimized experimental conditions including pH of the sample, solvent composition, and urine concentration for different solid-phase extraction sorbents were studied. The largest recoveries--greater than 86% for methamphetamine and greater than 88% for amphetamine--were achieved with a mixed adsorbent (C8-SCX) and mixed elution solvent CH2Cl2-i-propanol-NH4OH (78:20:2) at pH 6. The concentration of the urine matrix did not affect the extraction efficiency. The detection limits of methamphetamine and amphetamine in urine were obtained at 0.03 and 0.07 micrograms/mL, respectively, using gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis operated in the electron impact mode.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008694	Methamphetamine	A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.	Deoxyephedrine,Desoxyephedrine,Desoxyn,Madrine,Metamfetamine,Methamphetamine Hydrochloride,Methylamphetamine,N-Methylamphetamine,Hydrochloride, Methamphetamine,N Methylamphetamine
D002411	Cation Exchange Resins	High molecular weight insoluble polymers which contain functional anionic groups that are capable of undergoing exchange reactions with cations.	Cation Exchange Resin,Cation Exchangers (Resins),Exchange Resin, Cation,Exchange Resins, Cation,Resin, Cation Exchange,Resins, Cation Exchange
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006863	Hydrogen-Ion Concentration	The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH	pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations
D000327	Adsorption	The adhesion of gases, liquids, or dissolved solids onto a surface. It includes adsorptive phenomena of bacteria and viruses onto surfaces as well. ABSORPTION into the substance may follow but not necessarily.	Adsorptions
D000661	Amphetamine	A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.	Desoxynorephedrin,Levoamphetamine,Phenopromin,l-Amphetamine,Amfetamine,Amphetamine Sulfate,Amphetamine Sulfate (2:1),Centramina,Fenamine,Mydrial,Phenamine,Thyramine,levo-Amphetamine,Sulfate, Amphetamine,l Amphetamine,levo Amphetamine
D000697	Central Nervous System Stimulants	A loosely defined group of drugs that tend to increase behavioral alertness, agitation, or excitation. They work by a variety of mechanisms, but usually not by direct excitation of neurons. The many drugs that have such actions as side effects to their main therapeutic use are not included here.	Analeptic,Analeptic Agent,Analeptic Drug,Analeptics,CNS Stimulant,CNS Stimulants,Central Nervous System Stimulant,Central Stimulant,Analeptic Agents,Analeptic Drugs,Central Stimulants,Agent, Analeptic,Agents, Analeptic,Drug, Analeptic,Drugs, Analeptic,Stimulant, CNS,Stimulant, Central,Stimulants, CNS,Stimulants, Central