The role of the reciprocal apparatus in the hind limb of the horse investigated by a modified CODA-3 opto-electronic kinematic analysis system. 1990

P R van Weeren, and A J van den Bogert, and A Barneveld, and W Hartman, and A W Kersjes
Department of General and Large Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.

The function of the reciprocal apparatus in the hind limb of the horse was studied by kinematic gait analysis. For recording purposes a modified opto-electronic CODA-3 kinematic analysis system was used. The raw kinematic data were corrected for skin displacement artifacts by use of recently developed correction models. It was concluded that contradictory findings about the coupling of tarsal and stifle joints by the reciprocal apparatus, when comparing in vitro and in vivo studies, can be fully attributed to artifacts due to the movement of the skin markers over the underlying bony structures, occurring in the in vivo experiments.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007700 Kinetics The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008297 Male Males
D005260 Female Females
D005684 Gait Manner or style of walking. Gaits
D006614 Hindlimb Either of two extremities of four-footed non-primate land animals. It usually consists of a FEMUR; TIBIA; and FIBULA; tarsals; METATARSALS; and TOES. (From Storer et al., General Zoology, 6th ed, p73) Hindlimbs
D006736 Horses Large, hoofed mammals of the family EQUIDAE. Horses are active day and night with most of the day spent seeking and consuming food. Feeding peaks occur in the early morning and late afternoon, and there are several daily periods of rest. Equus caballus,Equus przewalskii,Horse, Domestic,Domestic Horse,Domestic Horses,Horse,Horses, Domestic
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000886 Anthropometry The technique that deals with the measurement of the size, weight, and proportions of the human or other primate body.
D012867 Skin The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.
D013264 Stifle In horses, cattle, and other quadrupeds, the joint between the femur and the tibia, corresponding to the human knee. Stifles

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