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Unexpected nerve gas exposure in the city of Matsumoto: report of rescue activity in the first sarin gas terrorism. 1997

H Okudera, and H Morita, and T Iwashita, and T Shibata, and T Otagiri, and S Kobayashi, and N Yanagisawa
Division of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan.

This report describes the rescue activities and the exposure of rescue and hospital personnel from the first unexpected nerve gas terrorist attack using sarin (isopropyl methylphophonofluoridate) in the city of Matsumoto at midnight on June 27, 1994. The details of the emergency activities in the disaster were studied based on the records from emergency departments of the affiliated hospitals and records from the firehouse. About 600 people, including residents and rescue staff, were exposed to sarin gas. Fifty-eight residents were admitted to hospitals, and 7 died. Among 95 rescuers and the duty doctor from the doctor car, 8 had mild symptoms of poisoning. All the rescue activity took place without gas masks or decontamination procedures. In this case of unexpected mass exposure to sarin gas, the emergency rescue system for a large disaster in Matsumoto city, which had been established for a conflagration or a local earthquake, was effective.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007564 Japan A country in eastern Asia, island chain between the North Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan, east of the Korean Peninsula. The capital is Tokyo. Bonin Islands
D012134 Respiratory Protective Devices Respirators to protect individuals from breathing air contaminated with harmful dusts, fogs, fumes, mists, gases, smokes, sprays, or vapors. Gas Masks,Respirators, Air-Purifying,Respirators, Industrial,Industrial Respirators,Air-Purifying Respirator,Air-Purifying Respirators,Device, Respiratory Protective,Devices, Respiratory Protective,Gas Mask,Industrial Respirator,Mask, Gas,Masks, Gas,Protective Device, Respiratory,Protective Devices, Respiratory,Respirator, Air-Purifying,Respirator, Industrial,Respirators, Air Purifying,Respiratory Protective Device
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012524 Sarin An organophosphorus ester compound that produces potent and irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase. It is toxic to the nervous system and is a chemical warfare agent. Sarin Gas,o-Isopropylmethyl Phosphonofluoridate,ortho-Isopropylmethyl Phosphonofluoridate,Gas, Sarin,Phosphonofluoridate, o-Isopropylmethyl,Phosphonofluoridate, ortho-Isopropylmethyl,o Isopropylmethyl Phosphonofluoridate,ortho Isopropylmethyl Phosphonofluoridate
D014754 Violence Use of physical force causing or intent to cause harm, injury or abuse. Assaultive Behavior,Atrocities,Behavior, Assaultive,Interpersonal Violence,Physical Assault,Physical Attacks,Structural Violence,Violent Crime,Assault, Physical,Attack, Physical,Attacks, Physical,Crime, Violent,Interpersonal Violences,Physical Assaults,Physical Attack,Violence, Interpersonal,Violence, Structural,Violent Crimes
D018635 Rescue Work Activities devoted to freeing persons or animals from danger to life or well-being in accidents, fires, bombings, floods, earthquakes, other disasters and life-threatening conditions. While usually performed by team efforts, rescue work is not restricted to organized services. Work, Rescue

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