OBJECTIVE To have the knowledge of the diagnosis in time and the choice of operations of retinal detachment with vitreous hemorrhage. METHODS Sixty eight eyes in 68 cases of retinal detachment with vitreous hemorrhage were reviewed and the main factors affect the operative effect were analysed. RESULTS Retinal detachment with vitreous hemorrhage usually causes PVR. The successful rate of the operation is low by scleral blucking procedure only, but it can be raised when the operation is combined with vitrectomy. CONCLUSIONS Owing to the vitreous hemorrhage which has influence on the examination of fundus, it is difficult to make the diagnosis and treatment of retinal detachment. Furthermore, vitreous hemorrhage is easy to cause intraocular inflammatory reaction and PVR. Once the diagnosis is definite, the operation should be taken as soon as possible.