Biomaterial Database

[Refractive laser surgery of the cornea]. 1997

S Kaminski, and J Lukas

Abteilung A, Universitäts-Augenklinik, Wien.

The importance of refractive corneal laser surgery is increasing. Since the introduction of the Excimer laser in 1990 approximately 350.000 eyes were treated worldwide until the end of 1996. Postoperative refraction is mainly determined by the amount of intended correction: correction of myopia of up to -6 dpt using photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) has a success rate surpassing 93%, in higher myopic corrections the success rate drops to 30%. The complication rate is also directly related to the amount of correction: with corrections of up to 6 dpt it reaches up to 3% and in corrections of over 9 dpt manifest scars occur in more than 10%. Better results in myopias over -7 dpt are achieved using the laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), which is a combination of lamellar corneal surgery and the excimer laser. With LASIK the complication rate in corrections of up to 6 dpt is higher compared to PRK. The correction of hyperopia has still a fairly low success rate with both techniques that we suppose hyperopia to be a relative contraindication for corneal laser surgery.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009216	Myopia	A refractive error in which rays of light entering the EYE parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the RETINA when accommodation (ACCOMMODATION, OCULAR) is relaxed. This results from an overly curved CORNEA or from the eyeball being too long from front to back. It is also called nearsightedness.	Nearsightedness,Myopias,Nearsightednesses
D011183	Postoperative Complications	Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.	Complication, Postoperative,Complications, Postoperative,Postoperative Complication
D012029	Refraction, Ocular	Refraction of LIGHT effected by the media of the EYE.	Ocular Refraction,Ocular Refractions,Refractions, Ocular
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001251	Astigmatism	Unequal or irregular curvature of the CORNEA (Corneal astigmatism) and/or the EYE LENS (Lenticular astigmatism) resulting in REFRACTIVE ERROR.	Corneal Astigmatism,Hyperopic Astigmatism,Lenticular Astigmatism,Mixed Astigmatism,Myopic Astigmatism,Oblique Astigmatism,Astigmatism, Corneal,Astigmatism, Hyperopic,Astigmatism, Lenticular,Astigmatism, Mixed,Astigmatism, Myopic,Astigmatism, Oblique,Hyperopic Astigmatisms,Mixed Astigmatisms,Myopic Astigmatisms,Oblique Astigmatisms
D016896	Treatment Outcome	Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.	Rehabilitation Outcome,Treatment Effectiveness,Clinical Effectiveness,Clinical Efficacy,Patient-Relevant Outcome,Treatment Efficacy,Effectiveness, Clinical,Effectiveness, Treatment,Efficacy, Clinical,Efficacy, Treatment,Outcome, Patient-Relevant,Outcome, Rehabilitation,Outcome, Treatment,Outcomes, Patient-Relevant,Patient Relevant Outcome,Patient-Relevant Outcomes
D054018	Lasers, Excimer	Gas lasers with excited dimers (i.e., excimers) as the active medium. The most commonly used are rare gas monohalides (e.g., argon fluoride, xenon chloride). Their principal emission wavelengths are in the ultraviolet range and depend on the monohalide used (e.g., 193 nm for ArF, 308 nm for Xe Cl). These lasers are operated in pulsed and Q-switched modes and used in photoablative decomposition involving actual removal of tissue. (UMDNS, 2005)	Argon Fluoride Excimer Lasers,Excimer Lasers,Krypton Chloride Excimer Lasers,Xenon Chloride Excimer Lasers,ArF Excimer Lasers,ArF Lasers,Argon Fluoride Lasers,Excimer Laser,Excimer Lasers, ArF,Excimer Lasers, Argon Fluoride,Excimer Lasers, KrCl,Excimer Lasers, Krypton Chloride,Excimer Lasers, XeCl,Excimer Lasers, Xenon Chloride,KrCl Excimer Lasers,Krypton Chloride Lasers,Lasers, ArF Excimer,Lasers, Argon Fluoride Excimer,Lasers, KrCl,Lasers, Krypton Chloride,Lasers, Krypton Chloride Excimer,Lasers, XeCl Excimer,Lasers, Xenon Chloride,Lasers, Xenon Chloride Excimer,XeCl Lasers,Xenon Chloride Lasers,ArF Excimer Laser,ArF Laser,Argon Fluoride Laser,Chloride Laser, Krypton,Chloride Laser, Xenon,Chloride Lasers, Krypton,Chloride Lasers, Xenon,Excimer Laser, ArF,Excimer Laser, KrCl,Excimer Laser, XeCl,Fluoride Laser, Argon,Fluoride Lasers, Argon,KrCl Excimer Laser,KrCl Laser,KrCl Lasers,Krypton Chloride Laser,Laser, ArF,Laser, ArF Excimer,Laser, Argon Fluoride,Laser, Excimer,Laser, KrCl,Laser, KrCl Excimer,Laser, Krypton Chloride,Laser, XeCl,Laser, XeCl Excimer,Laser, Xenon Chloride,Lasers, ArF,Lasers, Argon Fluoride,Lasers, KrCl Excimer,Lasers, XeCl,XeCl Excimer Laser,XeCl Excimer Lasers,XeCl Laser,Xenon Chloride Laser
D018579	Patient Selection	Criteria and standards used for the determination of the appropriateness of the inclusion of patients with specific conditions in proposed treatment plans and the criteria used for the inclusion of subjects in various clinical trials and other research protocols.	Patient Recruitment,Research Subject Recruitment,Selection Criteria,Research Subject Selection,Selection for Treatment,Selection of Research Volunteers,Selection of Subjects,Criteria, Selection,Recruitment, Patient,Recruitment, Research Subject,Recruitments, Research Subject,Research Subject Recruitments,Research Subject Selections,Research Volunteers Selection,Research Volunteers Selections,Selection for Treatments,Selection, Patient,Selection, Research Subject,Selections, Research Subject,Subject Recruitment, Research,Subject Recruitments, Research,Subject Selection, Research,Subject Selections, Research,Subjects Selection,Subjects Selections,Treatment, Selection for,Treatments, Selection for,Volunteers Selection, Research
D018903	Photorefractive Keratectomy	A type of refractive surgery of the CORNEA to correct MYOPIA and ASTIGMATISM. An EXCIMER LASER is used directly on the surface of the EYE to remove some of the CORNEAL EPITHELIUM thus reshaping the anterior curvature of the cornea.	Keratectomies, Photorefractive,Keratectomy, Photorefractive,Photorefractive Keratectomies