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Efficacy of deoxycholate amphotericin B and unilamellar liposomal amphotericin B in prophylaxis of experimental Aspergillus fumigatus endocarditis. 1997

E Mylonakis, and G Chalevelakis, and G Saroglou, and P Danias, and A D Argyropoulou, and O Paniara, and S A Raptis
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Propaeudeutic, University of Athens, Greece.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare in vivo the protective efficacy of unilamellar liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) with that of deoxycholate amphotericin B (D-AmB) in experimental endocarditis. METHODS In the rabbit model of experimental Aspergillus fumigatus endocarditis, two doses of each antifungal agent (1.5 mg/kg each) were administered intravenously at 4 hours and at 30 minutes before challenge with an inoculum of A. fumigatus. Three days later, the animals were sacrificed, and the aortic vegetations were analyzed. RESULTS All 19 animals that did not receive chemoprophylaxis acquired endocarditis. In contrast, endocarditis developed in 2 of 10 animals pretreated with D-AmB (P < 0.01) and 3 of 8 animals pretreated with L-AmB (P < 0.01). Both D-AmB and L-AmB prevented the development of endocarditis due to A. fumigatus and decreased the concentration of fungi in the aortic vegetations by more than 1 log10. CONCLUSIONS In the rabbit experimental model of Aspergillus endocarditis, D-AmB and L-AmB were equally effective in reducing the incidence of the infection and the tissue burden of fungi.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008081 Liposomes Artificial, single or multilaminar vesicles (made from lecithins or other lipids) that are used for the delivery of a variety of biological molecules or molecular complexes to cells, for example, drug delivery and gene transfer. They are also used to study membranes and membrane proteins. Niosomes,Transferosomes,Ultradeformable Liposomes,Liposomes, Ultra-deformable,Liposome,Liposome, Ultra-deformable,Liposome, Ultradeformable,Liposomes, Ultra deformable,Liposomes, Ultradeformable,Niosome,Transferosome,Ultra-deformable Liposome,Ultra-deformable Liposomes,Ultradeformable Liposome
D008297 Male Males
D011817 Rabbits A burrowing plant-eating mammal with hind limbs that are longer than its fore limbs. It belongs to the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha, and in contrast to hares, possesses 22 instead of 24 pairs of chromosomes. Belgian Hare,New Zealand Rabbit,New Zealand Rabbits,New Zealand White Rabbit,Rabbit,Rabbit, Domestic,Chinchilla Rabbits,NZW Rabbits,New Zealand White Rabbits,Oryctolagus cuniculus,Chinchilla Rabbit,Domestic Rabbit,Domestic Rabbits,Hare, Belgian,NZW Rabbit,Rabbit, Chinchilla,Rabbit, NZW,Rabbit, New Zealand,Rabbits, Chinchilla,Rabbits, Domestic,Rabbits, NZW,Rabbits, New Zealand,Zealand Rabbit, New,Zealand Rabbits, New,cuniculus, Oryctolagus
D002756 Cholagogues and Choleretics Gastrointestinal agents that stimulate the flow of bile into the duodenum (cholagogues) or stimulate the production of bile by the liver (choleretic). Choleretics,Cholagogues,Cholagogues, Choleretics,Choleretics and Cholagogues,Hydrocholeretics
D003840 Deoxycholic Acid A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent. Deoxycholate,Desoxycholic Acid,Kybella,Choleic Acid,Deoxycholic Acid, 12beta-Isomer,Deoxycholic Acid, 3beta-Isomer,Deoxycholic Acid, 5alpha-Isomer,Deoxycholic Acid, Disodium Salt,Deoxycholic Acid, Magnesium (2:1) Salt,Deoxycholic Acid, Monoammonium Salt,Deoxycholic Acid, Monopotassium Salt,Deoxycholic Acid, Monosodium Salt,Deoxycholic Acid, Sodium Salt, 12beta-Isomer,Dihydroxycholanoic Acid,Lagodeoxycholic Acid,Sodium Deoxycholate,12beta-Isomer Deoxycholic Acid,3beta-Isomer Deoxycholic Acid,5alpha-Isomer Deoxycholic Acid,Deoxycholate, Sodium,Deoxycholic Acid, 12beta Isomer,Deoxycholic Acid, 3beta Isomer,Deoxycholic Acid, 5alpha Isomer
D004195 Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D004696 Endocarditis Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (ENDOCARDIUM), the continuous membrane lining the four chambers and HEART VALVES. It is often caused by microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and rickettsiae. Left untreated, endocarditis can damage heart valves and become life-threatening. Infective Endocarditis,Endocarditides,Endocarditides, Infective,Endocarditis, Infective,Infective Endocarditides
D000666 Amphotericin B Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela. Amphocil,Amphotericin,Amphotericin B Cholesterol Dispersion,Amphotericin B Colloidal Dispersion,Fungizone
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000935 Antifungal Agents Substances that destroy fungi by suppressing their ability to grow or reproduce. They differ from FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL because they defend against fungi present in human or animal tissues. Anti-Fungal Agents,Antifungal Agent,Fungicides, Therapeutic,Antibiotics, Antifungal,Therapeutic Fungicides,Agent, Antifungal,Anti Fungal Agents,Antifungal Antibiotics

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