Biomaterial Database

Effects of radiographic contrast media on leukocyte phagocytosis. 1994

R Farrow, and C A Roobottom, and I P Wells, and N Hurlock

Department of Radiodiagnosis, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, England.

OBJECTIVE Differences in leukocyte phagocytosis following exposure to different classes of radiographic contrast media (RCM) may help in the development of less toxic alternatives and be useful as a guide to contrast selection in certain patient groups. The effect of RCM on leukocyte phagocytosis of Escherichia coli was examined. METHODS Cell population phagocytosis and individual cell phagocytic activity were assessed in a control group and in samples exposed both to the ionic RCM diatrizoate and ioxaglate and to the nonionic RCM iohexol and iotrolan by using a flow cytometer. RESULTS The percentage of granulocytes undergoing phagocytosis was 88.4% in the control population. Following exposure to RCM, this value fell to 79.2% with iohexol, 77.6% with iotrolan, 70.5% with diatrizoate, and 68.7% with ioxaglate. The number of bacteria phagocytosed by active leukocytes was not affected by RCM. CONCLUSIONS RCM adversely affect the percentage of granulocytes involved in phagocytosis but not the number of pathogenic bacteria that are phagocytosed by individual granulocytes.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007472	Iohexol	An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.	Compound 545,Exypaque,Iohexol 350,Nycodenz,Omnipaque
D007485	Ioxaglic Acid	A low-osmolar, ionic contrast medium used in various radiographic procedures.	Ioxaglate,Ioxaglate Meglumine,Ioxaglate Sodium,Hexabrix,Ioxaglic Acid Monosodium Salt,Ioxaglic Acid, Calcium Salt (2:1),Methylglucamine Ioxaglate,P-286 (Contrast Media),P286 (Contrast Media),Ioxaglate, Methylglucamine,Meglumine, Ioxaglate
D007962	Leukocytes	White blood cells. These include granular leukocytes (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS) as well as non-granular leukocytes (LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES).	Blood Cells, White,Blood Corpuscles, White,White Blood Cells,White Blood Corpuscles,Blood Cell, White,Blood Corpuscle, White,Corpuscle, White Blood,Corpuscles, White Blood,Leukocyte,White Blood Cell,White Blood Corpuscle
D010587	Phagocytosis	The engulfing and degradation of microorganisms; other cells that are dead, dying, or pathogenic; and foreign particles by phagocytic cells (PHAGOCYTES).	Phagocytoses
D003287	Contrast Media	Substances used to allow enhanced visualization of tissues.	Radiopaque Media,Contrast Agent,Contrast Agents,Contrast Material,Contrast Materials,Radiocontrast Agent,Radiocontrast Agents,Radiocontrast Media,Agent, Contrast,Agent, Radiocontrast,Agents, Contrast,Agents, Radiocontrast,Material, Contrast,Materials, Contrast,Media, Contrast,Media, Radiocontrast,Media, Radiopaque
D003973	Diatrizoate	A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.	Amidotrezoate,Amidotrizoate,Benzoic acid, 3,5-bis(acetylamino)-2,4,6-triiodo-,Diatrizoate Sodium,Diatrizoic Acid,Hypaque,Hypaque 50,Sodium Diatrizoate,Sodium-Magnesium Diatrizoate,Urogranoic Acid,Urothrast,Urotrast,Diatrizoate, Sodium,Diatrizoate, Sodium-Magnesium
D004926	Escherichia coli	A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.	Alkalescens-Dispar Group,Bacillus coli,Bacterium coli,Bacterium coli commune,Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli,E coli,EAggEC,Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli,Enterococcus coli,Diffusely Adherent E. coli,Enteroaggregative E. coli,Enteroinvasive E. coli,Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli
D005434	Flow Cytometry	Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.	Cytofluorometry, Flow,Cytometry, Flow,Flow Microfluorimetry,Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting,Microfluorometry, Flow,Cell Sorting, Fluorescence-Activated,Cell Sortings, Fluorescence-Activated,Cytofluorometries, Flow,Cytometries, Flow,Flow Cytofluorometries,Flow Cytofluorometry,Flow Cytometries,Flow Microfluorometries,Flow Microfluorometry,Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting,Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sortings,Microfluorimetry, Flow,Microfluorometries, Flow,Sorting, Fluorescence-Activated Cell,Sortings, Fluorescence-Activated Cell
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D014283	Triiodobenzoic Acids	Triiodo-substituted derivatives of BENZOIC ACID.	Triiodobenzoic Acid,Acid, Triiodobenzoic,Acids, Triiodobenzoic