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Determination of various nutrients and toxic elements in different Brazilian regional diets by neutron activation analysis. 1997

D I Fávaro, and M L Hui, and S M Cozzolino, and V A Maihara, and M J Armelin, and M B Vasconcellos, and L K Yuyama, and G T Boaventura, and V L Tramonte
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear/SP-CP 11049, CEP 05422-970, São Paulo, Brazil.

The concentration of 19 elements (As, Br, Ca, Cd, Cl, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se and Zn) was evaluated in some diets taken from different regions of Brazil by Instrumental and Radiochemical Neutron Activation Analysis. Several populations with different socio-economic living conditions and inhabiting in different regions of Brazil were studied in order to estimate and to detect the variability of the mineral and toxic element content among Brazilian populational groups. The data obtained showed a significant difference between the contents of these elements in the diets from the regions studied. The general conclusions from the data obtained in this study were: 1) regarding the daily amounts of essential elements (Ca, Cl, Co, Fe, Mn, Na, K, Fe, Se and Zn), the Santa Catarina 2 diet showed the closest values when compared to the recommended values of RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) and/or WHO (World Health Organization). The Santa Catarina 1(low income groups) showed the lowest when compared to the same values. 2) The intake of toxic elements (As, Br, Cd, Hg, Sb) among the diets does not seem to be a major problem when compared to PTWI (Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake, WHO), except for Hg intakes in regions near gold mining activities, like Manaus and Mato Grosso, where the values found were near the upper limit set by WHO.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008628 Mercury A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.
D008903 Minerals Native, inorganic or fossilized organic substances having a definite chemical composition and formed by inorganic reactions. They may occur as individual crystals or may be disseminated in some other mineral or rock. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Mineral
D009501 Neutron Activation Analysis Activation analysis in which the specimen is bombarded with neutrons. Identification is made by measuring the resulting radioisotopes. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Activation Analysis, Neutron,Analysis, Neutron Activation,Activation Analyses, Neutron,Analyses, Neutron Activation,Neutron Activation Analyses
D001938 Brazil A country located on the eastern coast of South America, located between Colombia and Peru, that borders the Atlantic Ocean. It is bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana, on the south by Uruguay, and on the west by Argentina. The capital is Brasilia.
D002104 Cadmium An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.
D002857 Chromium A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.
D003035 Cobalt A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis. Cobalt-59,Cobalt 59
D004032 Diet Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal. Diets
D005260 Female Females

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