Biomaterial Database

[Transport and utilization of alditols in the yeast Rhodotorula gracilis glutinis (author's transl)]. 1976

R Klöppel, and M Höfer

Although alditols reached the interior of the cells of Rhodotorula gracilis by means of the constitutive monosaccharide carrier, a second carrier of pentitols was found to be inducible. Ribitol and L-arabinitol, entering the cells by the constitutive carrier, induced a single catabolic enzyme system, including a carrier of pentitols. This induction depended on de novo protein synthesis. In addition to ribitol and L-arabinitol, the induced catabolic enzyme system was also specific for xylitol and D-arabinitol; these two alditols were not inducers. Hexitols, erythritol and pentoses were not transported or catabolized by the induced system. The induced carrier had a lower half-saturation constant, KT, and higher maximal velocity, V, than the constitutive carrier of penitols. Kinetic studies of induced transport indicated, that this was an active process which appeared to be coupled with the simultaneous uptake of H+-ions (H+-substrate symport). The induced transport of pentitols was strongly inhibited by monosaccharides, although not competitively. The enzyme synthesis induced by ribitol or L-arabinitol was repressed by monosaccharides.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009005	Monosaccharides	Single chain carbohydrates that are the most basic units of CARBOHYDRATES. They are typically colorless crystalline substances with a sweet taste and have the same general formula CnH2nOn.	Monosaccharide,Simple Sugar,Simple Sugars,Sugar, Simple,Sugars, Simple
D011522	Protons	Stable elementary particles having the smallest known positive charge, found in the nuclei of all elements. The proton mass is less than that of a neutron. A proton is the nucleus of the light hydrogen atom, i.e., the hydrogen ion.	Hydrogen Ions,Hydrogen Ion,Ion, Hydrogen,Ions, Hydrogen,Proton
D003904	Mitosporic Fungi	A large and heterogenous group of fungi whose common characteristic is the absence of a sexual state. Many of the pathogenic fungi in humans belong to this group.	Deuteromycetes,Deuteromycota,Fungi imperfecti,Fungi, Mitosporic,Hyphomycetes,Deuteromycete,Deuteromycotas,Fungi imperfectus,Fungus, Mitosporic,Hyphomycete,Mitosporic Fungus,imperfectus, Fungi
D004790	Enzyme Induction	An increase in the rate of synthesis of an enzyme due to the presence of an inducer which acts to derepress the gene responsible for enzyme synthesis.	Induction, Enzyme
D004794	Enzyme Repression	The interference in synthesis of an enzyme due to the elevated level of an effector substance, usually a metabolite, whose presence would cause depression of the gene responsible for enzyme synthesis.	Repression, Enzyme
D005947	Glucose	A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.	Dextrose,Anhydrous Dextrose,D-Glucose,Glucose Monohydrate,Glucose, (DL)-Isomer,Glucose, (alpha-D)-Isomer,Glucose, (beta-D)-Isomer,D Glucose,Dextrose, Anhydrous,Monohydrate, Glucose
D001693	Biological Transport, Active	The movement of materials across cell membranes and epithelial layers against an electrochemical gradient, requiring the expenditure of metabolic energy.	Active Transport,Uphill Transport,Active Biological Transport,Biologic Transport, Active,Transport, Active Biological,Active Biologic Transport,Transport, Active,Transport, Active Biologic,Transport, Uphill
D012248	Rhodotorula	A red yeast-like mitosporic fungal genus generally regarded as nonpathogenic. It is cultured from numerous sources in human patients.	Rhodotorulas
D013402	Sugar Alcohols	Polyhydric alcohols having no more than one hydroxy group attached to each carbon atom. They are formed by the reduction of the carbonyl group of a sugar to a hydroxyl group. (From Dorland, 28th ed)	Alcohols, Sugar,Alditol,Sugar Alcohol,Alditols,Alcohol, Sugar