Biomaterial Database

The analgesic effect of fentanyl, morphine, meperidine, and lidocaine in the peripheral veins: a comparative study. 1998

W W Pang, and M S Mok, and S Huang, and M H Hwang

Department of Anesthesia, Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, Republic of China.

Using venous retention with a tourniquet (70 mm Hg), we performed a randomized, double-blind study to assess the efficacy of I.V. pretreatment with fentanyl, morphine, meperidine, or lidocaine in reducing propofol injection pain. Immediately after venous occlusion with a tourniquet, I.V. fentanyl 150 microg (Group A, n = 35), morphine 4 mg (Group B, n = 35), meperidine 40 mg (Group C, n = 35), 2% lidocaine 3 mL (Group D, n = 35), or normal saline 3 mL (Group E, n = 35; as placebo control) was given to adult patients. The venous retention of the drug was maintained for 1 min, followed by tourniquet release and I.V. administration of propofol 100 mg. Pain assessment was made immediately after the propofol injection. Lidocaine and meperidine significantly reduced propofol injection pain more than placebo (P < 0.05), but there were more side effects in the meperidine group. Fentanyl and morphine reduced the intensity of propofol injection pain (P < 0.05) and had some effect in reducing the incidence of propofol injection pain, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. The order of efficacy was lidocaine approximately meperidine > morphine approximately fentanyl. We postulate that the peripheral analgesic effect of these opioid is due to their local anesthetic activity. CONCLUSIONS Propofol, a commonly used anesthetic, often causes pain on injection. Given as venous retention pretreatments 1 min before propofol, meperidine and lidocaine were found to significantly reduce the propofol injection pain, whereas fentanyl and morphine only slightly reduced the propofol injection pain.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007275	Injections, Intravenous	Injections made into a vein for therapeutic or experimental purposes.	Intravenous Injections,Injection, Intravenous,Intravenous Injection
D008012	Lidocaine	A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.	Lignocaine,2-(Diethylamino)-N-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)Acetamide,2-2EtN-2MePhAcN,Dalcaine,Lidocaine Carbonate,Lidocaine Carbonate (2:1),Lidocaine Hydrocarbonate,Lidocaine Hydrochloride,Lidocaine Monoacetate,Lidocaine Monohydrochloride,Lidocaine Monohydrochloride, Monohydrate,Lidocaine Sulfate (1:1),Octocaine,Xylesthesin,Xylocaine,Xylocitin,Xyloneural
D008297	Male		Males
D008614	Meperidine	A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.	Isonipecain,Pethidine,Demerol,Dolantin,Dolargan,Dolcontral,Dolin,Dolosal,Dolsin,Lidol,Lydol,Meperidine Hydrochloride,Operidine EPJ-I,Operidine EPJ I
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009020	Morphine	The principal alkaloid in opium and the prototype opiate analgesic and narcotic. Morphine has widespread effects in the central nervous system and on smooth muscle.	Morphine Sulfate,Duramorph,MS Contin,Morphia,Morphine Chloride,Morphine Sulfate (2:1), Anhydrous,Morphine Sulfate (2:1), Pentahydrate,Oramorph SR,SDZ 202-250,SDZ202-250,Chloride, Morphine,Contin, MS,SDZ 202 250,SDZ 202250,SDZ202 250,SDZ202250,Sulfate, Morphine
D010146	Pain	An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.	Suffering, Physical,Ache,Pain, Burning,Pain, Crushing,Pain, Migratory,Pain, Radiating,Pain, Splitting,Aches,Burning Pain,Burning Pains,Crushing Pain,Crushing Pains,Migratory Pain,Migratory Pains,Pains, Burning,Pains, Crushing,Pains, Migratory,Pains, Radiating,Pains, Splitting,Physical Suffering,Physical Sufferings,Radiating Pain,Radiating Pains,Splitting Pain,Splitting Pains,Sufferings, Physical
D010525	Peripheral Nerves	The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves. Peripheral nerves contain non-neuronal cells and connective tissue as well as axons. The connective tissue layers include, from the outside to the inside, the epineurium, the perineurium, and the endoneurium.	Endoneurium,Epineurium,Perineurium,Endoneuriums,Epineuriums,Nerve, Peripheral,Nerves, Peripheral,Perineuriums,Peripheral Nerve
D004311	Double-Blind Method	A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.	Double-Masked Study,Double-Blind Study,Double-Masked Method,Double Blind Method,Double Blind Study,Double Masked Method,Double Masked Study,Double-Blind Methods,Double-Blind Studies,Double-Masked Methods,Double-Masked Studies,Method, Double-Blind,Method, Double-Masked,Methods, Double-Blind,Methods, Double-Masked,Studies, Double-Blind,Studies, Double-Masked,Study, Double-Blind,Study, Double-Masked
D005260	Female		Females