Biomaterial Database

Gene expression of the two heavy chains and one light chain forming the inter-alpha-trypsin-inhibitor in human tissues. 1998

S Mizushima, and A Nii, and K Kato, and A Uemura

Biosciences Research Laboratory, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.

Human inter-alpha-trypsin-inhibitor (ITI) is a serine proteinase inhibitor with a molecular weight of 220 kDa which consists of 3 different polypeptides. The constitutive components are 2 heavy chains (H1 and H2 chains) and 1 light chain (L chain), and its inhibitory activity is considered to be derived from this L chain. It has also been reported that this L chain is almost identical to the trypsin inhibitor (UTI) occurring in human urine. We examined the gene expression of the ITI constitutive peptides in human tissues using the reverse transcription (RT) -PCR technique. As a result, the genes of the H1 chain were found to be expressed in various tissues, particularly strongly in the liver. On the other hand, the genes of the H2 chain were found to be strongly expressed in the adrenal glands, brain, kidneys, and lungs, as well as the liver. Further, the PCR amplification product of the L chain was strongly detected not only in the liver but also in the pancreas, kidneys, lungs, stomach and testes. These results suggest the possibility that the major tissue which produces ITI is the liver, and the H chains and L chain (UTI) are produced as a component of ITI- related proteins in other tissues as well as in the liver.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D005786	Gene Expression Regulation	Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.	Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000510	Alpha-Globulins	Serum proteins that have the most rapid migration during ELECTROPHORESIS. This subgroup of globulins is divided into faster and slower alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-globulins.	Alpha-Globulin,Alpha Globulin,Alpha Globulins
D012680	Sensitivity and Specificity	Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	Specificity,Sensitivity,Specificity and Sensitivity
D016133	Polymerase Chain Reaction	In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.	Anchored PCR,Inverse PCR,Nested PCR,PCR,Anchored Polymerase Chain Reaction,Inverse Polymerase Chain Reaction,Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR, Anchored,PCR, Inverse,PCR, Nested,Polymerase Chain Reactions,Reaction, Polymerase Chain,Reactions, Polymerase Chain
D018076	DNA, Complementary	Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.	Complementary DNA,cDNA,cDNA Probes,Probes, cDNA