Biomaterial Database

Repeated administration of cocaine, nicotine and ethanol: effects on preprodynorphin, preprotachykinin A and preproenkephalin mRNA expression in the dorsal and the ventral striatum of the rat. 1998

A M Mathieu-Kia, and M J Besson

Laboratoire de Neurochimie-Anatomie, Institut des Neurosciences, CNRS URA 1488, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France. anne-marie.mathieu-kia@snv.jussieu.fr

It is established that dopamine (DA) controls the expression of preprodynorphin (PPDYN), preprotachykinin A (PPT-A) and preproenkephalin (PPE) mRNAs in striatal structures. Since cocaine, nicotine and ethanol enhance extracellular DA concentration, we have examined whether their repeated administration produced common changes in the expression of these mRNAs. Quantitative in situ hybridization histochemistry was performed in rats 2 h after a final challenge subsequent to repeated subcutaneous injections (3 X a day) of cocaine (12.5 mg/kg), nicotine (0.4 mg/kg) for 14 days and ethanol (160 mg/kg) for 7 days. In the dorsal striatum, cocaine produced simultaneous PPDYN and PPT-A mRNA increases without PPE mRNA change whereas nicotine and ethanol produced no modification. After cocaine, PPDYN mRNA was preferentially increased in striatal patch compartment. In the nucleus accumbens, the effects were more complex. In cocaine-treated rats, we measured concomitant increases of PPDYN and PPE mRNA in the rostral pole, an isolated induction of PPT-A mRNA signals in the core without any change in the two shell subregions: the cone and the ventral shell. In contrast, after nicotine and ethanol, the ventral shell was the only accumbal subregion which showed a neuropeptide mRNA alteration, nicotine leading to decreased PPDYN mRNA and ethanol to increased PPT-A mRNA contents. The neuropeptide regulation after chronic treatment with these psychostimulant drugs does not strictly conform to a general DA control scheme in the dorsal and the ventral striatum. The cocaine effects can be clearly distinguished from those of nicotine and ethanol in terms of neuropeptide regulation and striatal subregions affected.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007279	Injections, Subcutaneous	Forceful administration under the skin of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the skin.	Subcutaneous Injections,Injection, Subcutaneous,Subcutaneous Injection
D008297	Male		Males
D009538	Nicotine	Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. Nicotine is also important medically because of its presence in tobacco smoke.	Nicotine Bitartrate,Nicotine Tartrate
D009714	Nucleus Accumbens	Collection of pleomorphic cells in the caudal part of the anterior horn of the LATERAL VENTRICLE, in the region of the OLFACTORY TUBERCLE, lying between the head of the CAUDATE NUCLEUS and the ANTERIOR PERFORATED SUBSTANCE. It is part of the so-called VENTRAL STRIATUM, a composite structure considered part of the BASAL GANGLIA.	Accumbens Nucleus,Nucleus Accumbens Septi,Accumbens Septi, Nucleus,Accumbens Septus, Nucleus,Accumbens, Nucleus,Nucleus Accumbens Septus,Nucleus, Accumbens,Septi, Nucleus Accumbens,Septus, Nucleus Accumbens
D011498	Protein Precursors		Precursors, Protein
D001835	Body Weight	The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	Body Weights,Weight, Body,Weights, Body
D003042	Cocaine	An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.	Cocaine HCl,Cocaine Hydrochloride,HCl, Cocaine,Hydrochloride, Cocaine
D003342	Corpus Striatum	Striped GRAY MATTER and WHITE MATTER consisting of the NEOSTRIATUM and paleostriatum (GLOBUS PALLIDUS). It is located in front of and lateral to the THALAMUS in each cerebral hemisphere. The gray substance is made up of the CAUDATE NUCLEUS and the lentiform nucleus (the latter consisting of the GLOBUS PALLIDUS and PUTAMEN). The WHITE MATTER is the INTERNAL CAPSULE.	Lenticular Nucleus,Lentiform Nucleus,Lentiform Nuclei,Nucleus Lentiformis,Lentiformis, Nucleus,Nuclei, Lentiform,Nucleus, Lenticular,Nucleus, Lentiform,Striatum, Corpus
D004334	Drug Administration Schedule	Time schedule for administration of a drug in order to achieve optimum effectiveness and convenience.	Administration Schedule, Drug,Administration Schedules, Drug,Drug Administration Schedules,Schedule, Drug Administration,Schedules, Drug Administration
D004399	Dynorphins	A class of opioid peptides including dynorphin A, dynorphin B, and smaller fragments of these peptides. Dynorphins prefer kappa-opioid receptors (RECEPTORS, OPIOID, KAPPA) and have been shown to play a role as central nervous system transmitters.	Dynorphin,Dynorphin (1-17),Dynorphin A,Dynorphin A (1-17)