Biomaterial Database

[Treatment of carotid cavernous fistulas]. 1997

D Montané, and J Casado

Centro de Oftalmología Barraquer, Barcelona, España.

BACKGROUND Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCF) are anomalous communications between the carotid arterial and carotid venous circulation of the cavernous sinus. The arterio-venous shunt leads to increased congestion of the orbit and causes the characteristic clinical picture typical of this condition; medusa's head, proptosis, raised intra-ocular pressure and tinnitus. METHODS Classically, acute onset of these signs after trauma has been considered to be due to CCF. However, 25% of CCF are low flow and have an insidious clinical course which is concealed and difficult to diagnose. Primary search depends initially on the use of ultra-sound (Eco-B and Eco-Doppler). In doubtful cases vascular study is done using non-invasive methods such as angio-CT, angio-MR and Divas. Intra-arterial angiography is left until the preoperative study is done. CONCLUSIONS Whilst 90% of medium and high flow FCC require neurosurgical treatment for the gravity of the symptoms, only 25% of the low flow FCC require it. The latter are initially treated conservatively.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008279	Magnetic Resonance Imaging	Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.	Chemical Shift Imaging,MR Tomography,MRI Scans,MRI, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Image,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional,Magnetization Transfer Contrast Imaging,NMR Imaging,NMR Tomography,Tomography, NMR,Tomography, Proton Spin,fMRI,Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Imaging, Chemical Shift,Proton Spin Tomography,Spin Echo Imaging,Steady-State Free Precession MRI,Tomography, MR,Zeugmatography,Chemical Shift Imagings,Echo Imaging, Spin,Echo Imagings, Spin,Functional MRI,Functional MRIs,Image, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, NMR,Imaging, Spin Echo,Imagings, Chemical Shift,Imagings, Spin Echo,MRI Scan,MRIs, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Images,Resonance Image, Magnetic,Scan, MRI,Scans, MRI,Shift Imaging, Chemical,Shift Imagings, Chemical,Spin Echo Imagings,Steady State Free Precession MRI
D002343	Carotid Artery, Internal	Branch of the common carotid artery which supplies the anterior part of the brain, the eye and its appendages, the forehead and nose.	Arteries, Internal Carotid,Artery, Internal Carotid,Carotid Arteries, Internal,Internal Carotid Arteries,Internal Carotid Artery
D002426	Cavernous Sinus	An irregularly shaped venous space in the dura mater at either side of the sphenoid bone.	Sinus, Cavernous
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001166	Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical	Surgical shunt allowing direct passage of blood from an artery to a vein. (From Dorland, 28th ed)	Shunt, Surgical Arteriovenous,Surgical Arteriovenous Shunt,Arteriovenous Shunts, Surgical,Shunts, Surgical Arteriovenous,Surgical Arteriovenous Shunts
D014463	Ultrasonography	The visualization of deep structures of the body by recording the reflections or echoes of ultrasonic pulses directed into the tissues. Use of ultrasound for imaging or diagnostic purposes employs frequencies ranging from 1.6 to 10 megahertz.	Echography,Echotomography,Echotomography, Computer,Sonography, Medical,Tomography, Ultrasonic,Ultrasonic Diagnosis,Ultrasonic Imaging,Ultrasonographic Imaging,Computer Echotomography,Diagnosis, Ultrasonic,Diagnostic Ultrasound,Ultrasonic Tomography,Ultrasound Imaging,Diagnoses, Ultrasonic,Diagnostic Ultrasounds,Imaging, Ultrasonic,Imaging, Ultrasonographic,Imaging, Ultrasound,Imagings, Ultrasonographic,Imagings, Ultrasound,Medical Sonography,Ultrasonic Diagnoses,Ultrasonographic Imagings,Ultrasound, Diagnostic,Ultrasounds, Diagnostic
D016157	Vascular Fistula	An abnormal passage between two or more BLOOD VESSELS, between ARTERIES; VEINS; or between an artery and a vein.	Fistula, Vascular,Fistulas, Vascular,Vascular Fistulas