Immediate breast reconstruction for breast carcinoma using the periareolar approach. 1998

C J Gabka, and G Maiwald, and H Bohmert
Division of Plastic Surgery at Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany.

Skin-sparing mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction has shown to be oncologically safe while providing dependable aesthetic results. However, flap inset into the skin defect of the excised biopsy site and nipple-areola complex often results in a patchlike effect and transverse scars. By keeping the mastectomy incision solely around the areola, all breast skin can be preserved. Thus, in immediate breast reconstruction with replacement of the nipple and areola by a small skin island from a deepithelialized TRAM flap or latissimus dorsi muscle flap, the scar is kept at the natural border between areola and breast skin. Reconstruction of the nipple-areola complex further helps to camouflage the incision line. This may result in the best possible aesthetic outcome after mastectomy to date. The technique has been used in 17 breast cancer patients (intraductal cancer, n = 5; T1/T2 ductal cancer, n = 13) with good to excellent results. No local or distant recurrences have been seen; however, mean follow-up time is short (10 months). As the procedure of choice, a free TRAM flap was performed in nine patients for immediate reconstruction. The other eight patients were too slim for an autologous reconstruction; therefore, a latissimus dorsi muscle flap with a small skin island and a silicone implant were used. There were no major complications in either group. In contrast to traditional skin-sparing mastectomy, all breast skin is preserved with the periareolar approach. Therefore, special surgical expertise is required to ensure tumor free margins, especially with respect to the skin overlying the tumor. If these requirements are met, excellent results in breast reconstruction are amenable with adequate oncologic safety.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008197 Lymph Node Excision Surgical excision of one or more lymph nodes. Its most common use is in cancer surgery. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p966) Lymph Node Dissection,Lymphadenectomy,Dissection, Lymph Node,Dissections, Lymph Node,Excision, Lymph Node,Excisions, Lymph Node,Lymph Node Dissections,Lymph Node Excisions,Lymphadenectomies,Node Dissection, Lymph,Node Dissections, Lymph
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009364 Neoplasm Recurrence, Local The local recurrence of a neoplasm following treatment. It arises from microscopic cells of the original neoplasm that have escaped therapeutic intervention and later become clinically visible at the original site. Local Neoplasm Recurrence,Local Neoplasm Recurrences,Locoregional Neoplasm Recurrence,Neoplasm Recurrence, Locoregional,Neoplasm Recurrences, Local,Recurrence, Local Neoplasm,Recurrence, Locoregional Neoplasm,Recurrences, Local Neoplasm,Locoregional Neoplasm Recurrences,Neoplasm Recurrences, Locoregional,Recurrences, Locoregional Neoplasm
D009558 Nipples The conic organs which usually give outlet to milk from the mammary glands. Areola,Areolae,Nipple
D011138 Polytetrafluoroethylene Homopolymer of tetrafluoroethylene. Nonflammable, tough, inert plastic tubing or sheeting; used to line vessels, insulate, protect or lubricate apparatus; also as filter, coating for surgical implants or as prosthetic material. Synonyms: Fluoroflex; Fluoroplast; Ftoroplast; Halon; Polyfene; PTFE; Tetron. FEP,Fluon,Politef,Polytef,TFE,Teflon,Expanded PTFE,Fluoroplast,GORE-TEX,Goretex,PTFE,Tarflen,GORE TEX,PTFE, Expanded
D001943 Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. Breast Cancer,Breast Tumors,Cancer of Breast,Breast Carcinoma,Cancer of the Breast,Human Mammary Carcinoma,Malignant Neoplasm of Breast,Malignant Tumor of Breast,Mammary Cancer,Mammary Carcinoma, Human,Mammary Neoplasm, Human,Mammary Neoplasms, Human,Neoplasms, Breast,Tumors, Breast,Breast Carcinomas,Breast Malignant Neoplasm,Breast Malignant Neoplasms,Breast Malignant Tumor,Breast Malignant Tumors,Breast Neoplasm,Breast Tumor,Cancer, Breast,Cancer, Mammary,Cancers, Mammary,Carcinoma, Breast,Carcinoma, Human Mammary,Carcinomas, Breast,Carcinomas, Human Mammary,Human Mammary Carcinomas,Human Mammary Neoplasm,Human Mammary Neoplasms,Mammary Cancers,Mammary Carcinomas, Human,Neoplasm, Breast,Neoplasm, Human Mammary,Neoplasms, Human Mammary,Tumor, Breast
D002277 Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for "cancer." Carcinoma, Anaplastic,Carcinoma, Spindle-Cell,Carcinoma, Undifferentiated,Carcinomatosis,Epithelial Neoplasms, Malignant,Epithelioma,Epithelial Tumors, Malignant,Malignant Epithelial Neoplasms,Neoplasms, Malignant Epithelial,Anaplastic Carcinoma,Anaplastic Carcinomas,Carcinoma, Spindle Cell,Carcinomas,Carcinomatoses,Epithelial Neoplasm, Malignant,Epithelial Tumor, Malignant,Epitheliomas,Malignant Epithelial Neoplasm,Malignant Epithelial Tumor,Malignant Epithelial Tumors,Neoplasm, Malignant Epithelial,Spindle-Cell Carcinoma,Spindle-Cell Carcinomas,Tumor, Malignant Epithelial,Undifferentiated Carcinoma,Undifferentiated Carcinomas
D002278 Carcinoma in Situ A lesion with cytological characteristics associated with invasive carcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to the epithelium of origin, without invasion of the basement membrane. Carcinoma, Intraepithelial,Carcinoma, Preinvasive,Intraepithelial Neoplasms,Neoplasms, Intraepithelial,Intraepithelial Carcinoma,Intraepithelial Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Intraepithelial,Preinvasive Carcinoma
D004954 Esthetics The branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of the beautiful. It includes beauty, esthetic experience, esthetic judgment, esthetic aspects of medicine, etc. Aesthetics
D005205 Fascia Layers of connective tissue of variable thickness. The superficial fascia is found immediately below the skin; the deep fascia invests MUSCLES, nerves, and other organs.

Related Publications

C J Gabka, and G Maiwald, and H Bohmert
November 1993, Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde,
C J Gabka, and G Maiwald, and H Bohmert
September 1983, Handchirurgie, Mikrochirurgie, plastische Chirurgie : Organ der Deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Handchirurgie : Organ der Deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Mikrochirurgie der Peripheren Nerven und Gefasse : Organ der V...,
C J Gabka, and G Maiwald, and H Bohmert
January 2009, Clinics in plastic surgery,
C J Gabka, and G Maiwald, and H Bohmert
July 1980, American journal of surgery,
C J Gabka, and G Maiwald, and H Bohmert
February 2020, Annals of surgical treatment and research,
C J Gabka, and G Maiwald, and H Bohmert
September 1988, Minerva chirurgica,
C J Gabka, and G Maiwald, and H Bohmert
July 2021, Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open,
C J Gabka, and G Maiwald, and H Bohmert
October 1982, British journal of plastic surgery,
C J Gabka, and G Maiwald, and H Bohmert
May 1981, Annals of surgery,
C J Gabka, and G Maiwald, and H Bohmert
February 2019, Annals of plastic surgery,
Copied contents to your clipboard!