Biomaterial Database

Regulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase activity in the isolated perfused heart of guinea-pigs. 1976

H Reinauer, and E R Muller-Ruchholtz

The activity and the interconversion of the between the pyruvate after pyruvate should read: utilization in the perfused hearts and the pyruvate dehydrogenease complex has been measured in the isolated perfused working hearts of guinea-pigs. 1. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is transferred into the active form by high work, in anoxia, with 2,4-dinitrophenol and by perfusion without substrate. The rate of interconversion is faster in the perfused heart than in the homogenate. 2. The active form of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex limits the pyruvate oxidation. There is a close correlation between the pyruvate utilization in the perfused hearts and the pyruvate dehydrogenase of the active form in the homogenates of the same hearts. 3. The "adenylate energy charge" of the cells is considered as the main regulating factor of the interconversion of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex as seen in experiments with anoxia, dinitrophenol and high work. The inactivation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by acetyl CoA can be overcome by decreasing ATP/ADP ratios.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007328	Insulin	A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).	Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin
D008297	Male		Males
D009206	Myocardium	The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.	Muscle, Cardiac,Muscle, Heart,Cardiac Muscle,Myocardia,Cardiac Muscles,Heart Muscle,Heart Muscles,Muscles, Cardiac,Muscles, Heart
D010101	Oxygen Consumption	The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)	Consumption, Oxygen,Consumptions, Oxygen,Oxygen Consumptions
D010477	Perfusion	Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.	Perfusions
D010725	Phosphocreatine	An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996)	Creatine Phosphate,Neoton,Phosphocreatine, Disodium Salt,Phosphorylcreatine,Disodium Salt Phosphocreatine,Phosphate, Creatine
D011768	Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex	A multienzyme complex responsible for the formation of ACETYL COENZYME A from pyruvate. The enzyme components are PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE (LIPOAMIDE); dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase; and LIPOAMIDE DEHYDROGENASE. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is subject to three types of control: inhibited by acetyl-CoA and NADH; influenced by the energy state of the cell; and inhibited when a specific serine residue in the pyruvate decarboxylase is phosphorylated by ATP. PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE (LIPOAMIDE)-PHOSPHATASE catalyzes reactivation of the complex. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed)	Complex, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase,Dehydrogenase Complex, Pyruvate
D011773	Pyruvates	Derivatives of PYRUVIC ACID, including its salts and esters.
D004140	Dinitrophenols	Organic compounds that contain two nitro groups attached to a phenol.
D005215	Fasting	Abstaining from FOOD.	Hunger Strike,Hunger Strikes,Strike, Hunger,Strikes, Hunger