Biomaterial Database

Umbilical cord encirclements and Apgar scores. 1998

T Sørnes

Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Akershus Central Hospital, Nordbyhagen, Norway.

OBJECTIVE To establish the relative influence of umbilical cord encirclements versus fetal growth restriction in determining fetal outcome. METHODS Twelve thousand and thirty-nine singleton births were studied. The number of cord encirclements were noted. Fetal growth restriction was measured as standard deviations from gestational weight. Fetal outcome was determined by using Apgar scores after 5 minutes. RESULTS For growth restricted babies, Apgar 5 was not affected by the presence of encirclements when corrected for the level of FGR. Only for infants larger-for-date did the encirclements affect their Apgar score. CONCLUSIONS The poorer outcome for babies with cord encirclements and fetal growth restriction is due to the accompanying level of growth restriction.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007231	Infant, Newborn	An infant during the first 28 days after birth.	Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D007236	Infant, Small for Gestational Age	An infant having a birth weight lower than expected for its gestational age.
D007744	Obstetric Labor Complications	Medical problems associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR, such as BREECH PRESENTATION; PREMATURE OBSTETRIC LABOR; HEMORRHAGE; or others. These complications can affect the well-being of the mother, the FETUS, or both.	Complications, Labor,Labor Complications,Complication, Labor,Complication, Obstetric Labor,Complications, Obstetric Labor,Labor Complication,Labor Complication, Obstetric,Labor Complications, Obstetric,Obstetric Labor Complication
D011247	Pregnancy	The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	Gestation,Pregnancies
D001835	Body Weight	The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	Body Weights,Weight, Body,Weights, Body
D005260	Female		Females
D005317	Fetal Growth Retardation	Failure of a FETUS to attain expected GROWTH.	Growth Retardation, Intrauterine,Intrauterine Growth Retardation,Fetal Growth Restriction,Intrauterine Growth Restriction
D005320	Fetal Macrosomia	A condition of fetal overgrowth defined as BIRTH WEIGHT greater than 4,000 grams, regardless of gestational age. It is commonly seen in GESTATIONAL DIABETES; PROLONGED PREGNANCY; and pregnancies complicated by pre-existing diabetes mellitus.	Macrosomia, Fetal,Fetal Macrosomias,Macrosomias, Fetal
D005333	Fetus	The unborn young of a viviparous mammal, in the postembryonic period, after the major structures have been outlined. In humans, the unborn young from the end of the eighth week after CONCEPTION until BIRTH, as distinguished from the earlier EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.	Fetal Structures,Fetal Tissue,Fetuses,Mummified Fetus,Retained Fetus,Fetal Structure,Fetal Tissues,Fetus, Mummified,Fetus, Retained,Structure, Fetal,Structures, Fetal,Tissue, Fetal,Tissues, Fetal
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man