Role of alternative sigma factor algU in encystment of Azotobacter vinelandii. 1998

S Moreno, and R Nájera, and J Guzmán, and G Soberón-Chávez, and G Espín
Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62250, México.

Alginate is essential for encystment in Azotobacter vinelandii. Transcription of the algD gene, which codes for GDP-mannose dehydrogenase, a key enzyme in the alginate biosynthetic pathway, is initiated at two promoters, one of which, p2, has sigmaE consensus sequences. AlgU is the A. vinelandii alternative sigmaE factor. In this study, we constructed an algU mutant (SMU88) which, as expected, is impaired in alginate production, encystment, and transcription of the algD gene from the p2 promoter. Plasmid pJMSAT1, carrying the A. vinelandii algU gene, restored alginate production and encystment to SMU88 and to strain UW136, a naturally occurring algU mutant. Plasmid pSMU865, carrying the A. vinelandii mucABCD genes coding for negative regulators of AlgU activity and previously shown to diminish alginate production in the wild-type strain, ATCC 9046, was shown here to impair encystment and transcription of the algD gene from the p2 algU-dependent promoter. Since nonencysting strain ATCC 9046/pSMU865 produced more alginate than some encysting strains, such as UW136/pJMSAT1, we propose an AlgU role in encystment, independent of the structural role that alginate plays in mature cysts.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D010957 Plasmids Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS. Episomes,Episome,Plasmid
D011401 Promoter Regions, Genetic DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes. rRNA Promoter,Early Promoters, Genetic,Late Promoters, Genetic,Middle Promoters, Genetic,Promoter Regions,Promoter, Genetic,Promotor Regions,Promotor, Genetic,Pseudopromoter, Genetic,Early Promoter, Genetic,Genetic Late Promoter,Genetic Middle Promoters,Genetic Promoter,Genetic Promoter Region,Genetic Promoter Regions,Genetic Promoters,Genetic Promotor,Genetic Promotors,Genetic Pseudopromoter,Genetic Pseudopromoters,Late Promoter, Genetic,Middle Promoter, Genetic,Promoter Region,Promoter Region, Genetic,Promoter, Genetic Early,Promoter, rRNA,Promoters, Genetic,Promoters, Genetic Middle,Promoters, rRNA,Promotor Region,Promotors, Genetic,Pseudopromoters, Genetic,Region, Genetic Promoter,Region, Promoter,Region, Promotor,Regions, Genetic Promoter,Regions, Promoter,Regions, Promotor,rRNA Promoters
D002237 Carbohydrate Dehydrogenases Reversibly catalyze the oxidation of a hydroxyl group of carbohydrates to form a keto sugar, aldehyde or lactone. Any acceptor except molecular oxygen is permitted. Includes EC 1.1.1.; EC 1.1.2.; and 1.1.99. Carbohydrate Oxidoreductases,Dehydrogenases, Carbohydrate,Oxidoreductases, Carbohydrate
D001426 Bacterial Proteins Proteins found in any species of bacterium. Bacterial Gene Products,Bacterial Gene Proteins,Gene Products, Bacterial,Bacterial Gene Product,Bacterial Gene Protein,Bacterial Protein,Gene Product, Bacterial,Gene Protein, Bacterial,Gene Proteins, Bacterial,Protein, Bacterial,Proteins, Bacterial
D001483 Base Sequence The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence. DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D012808 Sigma Factor A protein which is a subunit of RNA polymerase. It effects initiation of specific RNA chains from DNA. Sigma Element,Sigma Initiation Factor,Sigma Subunit,Minor Sigma Factor,RNA Polymerase Sigma Factor H,Factor, Sigma,Factor, Sigma Initiation,Initiation Factor, Sigma,Sigma Factor, Minor,Subunit, Sigma
D013171 Spores, Bacterial Heat and stain resistant, metabolically inactive bodies formed within the vegetative cells of bacteria of the genera Bacillus and Clostridium. Bacterial Spores,Bacterial Spore,Spore, Bacterial
D016948 Azotobacter vinelandii A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria first isolated from soil in Vineland, New Jersey. Ammonium and nitrate are used as nitrogen sources by this bacterium. It is distinguished from other members of its genus by the ability to use rhamnose as a carbon source. (From Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed) Azotobacter miscellum

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