In acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), opportunistic infections occur which are usually related to defects in cell-mediated immunity. However, there has also been an increase in the incidence of bacterial infections in this population, including infections caused by Pseudomonas species. This study reveals the wide range of ear, nose and throat manifestations which can be caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with HIV and AIDS and illustrates the need for a high index of clinical suspicion combined with accurate microbiological data for treating these potentially life-threatening infections. In addition, treatment using combination chemotherapy, such as ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime, is advised, as it has been shown that dual therapy results in a significantly lower mortality.