The interaction of DNA-targeted platinum phenanthridinium complexes with DNA. 1998

J Whittaker, and W D McFadyen, and G Wickham, and L P Wakelin, and V Murray
School of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics and School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.

Cisplatin analogues were synthesised that consisted of platinum(II) diamine complexes tethered via a polymethylene chain ( n = 3, 5, 8 and 10) to a phenanthridinium cation. Both chloro and iodo leaving groups were examined. DNA adduct formation was quantitatively analysed using a linear amplification system with the plasmid pGEM-3Zf(+). This system utilised Taq DNA polymerase to extend from an oligonucleotide primer to the damage site. This damage site inhibited the extension of the DNA polymerase. The products were electrophoresed on a DNA sequencing gel enabling adduct formation to be determined at base pair resolution. The damage intensity at each site was determined by densitometry. The platinum phenanthridinium complexes were shown to damage DNA at shorter incubation times than cisplatin. To produce similar levels of damage, an 18 h incubation was required for cisplatin compared to 30 min for the n = 3 platinum phenanthridinium complexes; this indicates that the intercalating chromophore causes a large increase in the rate of platination. A reaction mechanism involving direct displacement of the chloride by the N-7 of guanine may account for the rate increase. These results indicate that further development of these compounds could lead to more effective cancer chemotherapeutic agents.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008956 Models, Chemical Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of chemical processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. Chemical Models,Chemical Model,Model, Chemical
D010617 Phenanthridines
D002945 Cisplatin An inorganic and water-soluble platinum complex. After undergoing hydrolysis, it reacts with DNA to produce both intra and interstrand crosslinks. These crosslinks appear to impair replication and transcription of DNA. The cytotoxicity of cisplatin correlates with cellular arrest in the G2 phase of the cell cycle. Platinum Diamminodichloride,cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum(II),cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II),Biocisplatinum,Dichlorodiammineplatinum,NSC-119875,Platidiam,Platino,Platinol,cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum,cis-Platinum,Diamminodichloride, Platinum,cis Diamminedichloroplatinum,cis Platinum
D004249 DNA Damage Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS. DNA Injury,DNA Lesion,DNA Lesions,Genotoxic Stress,Stress, Genotoxic,Injury, DNA,DNA Injuries
D000970 Antineoplastic Agents Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS. Anticancer Agent,Antineoplastic,Antineoplastic Agent,Antineoplastic Drug,Antitumor Agent,Antitumor Drug,Cancer Chemotherapy Agent,Cancer Chemotherapy Drug,Anticancer Agents,Antineoplastic Drugs,Antineoplastics,Antitumor Agents,Antitumor Drugs,Cancer Chemotherapy Agents,Cancer Chemotherapy Drugs,Chemotherapeutic Anticancer Agents,Chemotherapeutic Anticancer Drug,Agent, Anticancer,Agent, Antineoplastic,Agent, Antitumor,Agent, Cancer Chemotherapy,Agents, Anticancer,Agents, Antineoplastic,Agents, Antitumor,Agents, Cancer Chemotherapy,Agents, Chemotherapeutic Anticancer,Chemotherapy Agent, Cancer,Chemotherapy Agents, Cancer,Chemotherapy Drug, Cancer,Chemotherapy Drugs, Cancer,Drug, Antineoplastic,Drug, Antitumor,Drug, Cancer Chemotherapy,Drug, Chemotherapeutic Anticancer,Drugs, Antineoplastic,Drugs, Antitumor,Drugs, Cancer Chemotherapy
D001483 Base Sequence The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence. DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D018736 DNA Adducts The products of chemical reactions that result in the addition of extraneous chemical groups to DNA. DNA Adduct,Adduct, DNA,Adducts, DNA

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