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Single-dose pharmacokinetics of rifapentine in elderly men. 1998

A C Keung, and M G Eller, and S J Weir
North America Pharmacokinetics, Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc., Kansas City, Missouri 64134, USA.

OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to characterize the pharmacokinetic profiles of rifapentine and its active metabolite, 25-desacetlyl rifapentine, in elderly men. METHODS Fourteen healthy, nonsmoking male volunteers between the ages of 65 and 82 years received a single oral 600 mg dose of rifapentine. Plasma samples were collected at frequent intervals for up to 72 hours postdose. The control group consisted of 20 healthy, young (18-45 years) males volunteers from a previous, single-dose (600 mg) rifapentine pharmacokinetic study. RESULTS Plasma rifapentine concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration for M. tuberculosis were observed at 2 hours after dosing. Disposition of rifapentine was monophasic with a mean terminal half-life of 19.6 hours. The peak plasma concentration of 25 desacetyl-rifapentine was found 21.7 hours, on average, after the rifapentine dose; the mean 25-desacetyl-rifapentine t1/2 was 22.9 hours. Compared to the younger subjects, apparent oral clearance of rifapentine (24%) was lower in the elderly male (p < 0.05), and Cmax (28%) was higher. The only adverse event reported in both the older and younger subjects in these single-dose studies was discoloration of the urine. CONCLUSIONS Because the aged-related changes in the pharmacokinetic profile of rifapentine observed in this study were modest and unlikely to be associated with toxicity, no dosage adjustments for this antibiotic are recommended in elderly patients.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D012016 Reference Values The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality. Normal Range,Normal Values,Reference Ranges,Normal Ranges,Normal Value,Range, Normal,Range, Reference,Ranges, Normal,Ranges, Reference,Reference Range,Reference Value,Value, Normal,Value, Reference,Values, Normal,Values, Reference
D006207 Half-Life The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacologic, physiologic, or radiologic activity. Halflife,Half Life,Half-Lifes,Halflifes
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly
D000369 Aged, 80 and over Persons 80 years of age and older. Oldest Old
D000995 Antitubercular Agents Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. They are divided into two main classes: "first-line" agents, those with the greatest efficacy and acceptable degrees of toxicity used successfully in the great majority of cases; and "second-line" drugs used in drug-resistant cases or those in which some other patient-related condition has compromised the effectiveness of primary therapy. Anti-Tuberculosis Agent,Anti-Tuberculosis Agents,Anti-Tuberculosis Drug,Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs,Antitubercular Agent,Antitubercular Drug,Tuberculostatic Agent,Tuberculostatic Agents,Antitubercular Drugs,Agent, Anti-Tuberculosis,Agent, Antitubercular,Agent, Tuberculostatic,Anti Tuberculosis Agent,Anti Tuberculosis Agents,Anti Tuberculosis Drug,Anti Tuberculosis Drugs,Drug, Anti-Tuberculosis,Drug, Antitubercular
D012293 Rifampin A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160) Rifampicin,Benemycin,Rifadin,Rimactan,Rimactane,Tubocin

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