Biomaterial Database

The effect of dorzolamide on aqueous humor dynamics in normal human subjects during sleep. 1998

B D Vanlandingham, and T L Maus, and R F Brubaker

Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to measure the effect of the topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, 2% dorzolamide hydrochloride, on the rate of aqueous humor flow in sleeping humans. METHODS A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study. METHODS Twenty-five normal human subjects. METHODS Topical instillation of 2% dorzolamide hydrochloride versus topical placebo. METHODS Rate of aqueous humor flow in sleeping humans and intraocular pressure immediately after awakening from sleep. RESULTS The rate of flow in sleeping subjects at night (12 AM to 6 AM) was 1.28 +/- 0.30 microliters/min (mean +/- standard deviation; n = 25) in placebo-treated eyes, whereas the nighttime flow in dorzolamide-treated eyes was 1.17 +/- 0.38 microliters/min (P = < 0.001), resulting in a nighttime reduction of 9% (P = 0.032). In contrast, the daytime (8 AM to 4 PM) rate of flow in ambulatory subjects was 2.97 +/- 0.64 microliters/min in placebo-treated eyes and 2.60 +/- 0.63 microliters/min (P = 0.032) in dorzolamide-treated eyes, resulting in a daytime reduction of 13% (P = < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Topically administered dorzolamide hydrochloride is effective for reducing the rate of aqueous humor flow in normal human eyes during the day and at night during sleep. The efficacy of dorzolamide at these two times is approximately half that of systematically administered acetazolamide.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007429	Intraocular Pressure	The pressure of the fluids in the eye.	Ocular Tension,Intraocular Pressures,Ocular Tensions,Pressure, Intraocular,Pressures, Intraocular,Tension, Ocular,Tensions, Ocular
D008297	Male		Males
D009883	Ophthalmic Solutions	Sterile solutions that are intended for instillation into the eye. It does not include solutions for cleaning eyeglasses or CONTACT LENS SOLUTIONS.	Eye Drop,Eyedrop,Eyedrops,Ophthalmic Solution,Eye Drops,Drop, Eye,Drops, Eye,Solution, Ophthalmic,Solutions, Ophthalmic
D002257	Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors	A class of compounds that reduces the secretion of H+ ions by the proximal kidney tubule through inhibition of CARBONIC ANHYDRASES.	Carbonate Dehydratase Inhibitor,Carbonate Dehydratase Inhibitors,Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor,Carboxyanhydrase Inhibitor,Carboxyanhydrase Inhibitors,Anhydrase Inhibitor, Carbonic,Dehydratase Inhibitor, Carbonate,Inhibitor, Carbonate Dehydratase,Inhibitor, Carbonic Anhydrase,Inhibitor, Carboxyanhydrase,Inhibitors, Carbonate Dehydratase,Inhibitors, Carbonic Anhydrase,Inhibitors, Carboxyanhydrase
D004311	Double-Blind Method	A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.	Double-Masked Study,Double-Blind Study,Double-Masked Method,Double Blind Method,Double Blind Study,Double Masked Method,Double Masked Study,Double-Blind Methods,Double-Blind Studies,Double-Masked Methods,Double-Masked Studies,Method, Double-Blind,Method, Double-Masked,Methods, Double-Blind,Methods, Double-Masked,Studies, Double-Blind,Studies, Double-Masked,Study, Double-Blind,Study, Double-Masked
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000287	Administration, Topical	The application of drug preparations to the surfaces of the body, especially the skin (ADMINISTRATION, CUTANEOUS) or mucous membranes. This method of treatment is used to avoid systemic side effects when high doses are required at a localized area or as an alternative systemic administration route, to avoid hepatic processing for example.	Drug Administration, Topical,Administration, Topical Drug,Topical Administration,Topical Drug Administration,Administrations, Topical,Administrations, Topical Drug,Drug Administrations, Topical,Topical Administrations,Topical Drug Administrations
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults
D000869	Anterior Eye Segment	The front third of the eyeball that includes the structures between the front surface of the cornea and the front of the VITREOUS BODY.	Anterior Eye Segments,Eye Segment, Anterior,Eye Segments, Anterior,Segment, Anterior Eye,Segments, Anterior Eye