Biomaterial Database

Action of physalaemin on the ionic transport across the frog skin. 1998

S Lobasso, and C Lippe, and V Bellantuono, and C Ardizzone

Institute of General Physiology, University of Bari, Italy.

The effects of the non-mammalian tachykinin physalaemin were studied on the short circuit current (SCC) and on both influx (Ji) and outflux (Jo) of 36Cl- and 22Na+ across the isolated skin of Rana esculenta. Physalaemin, added to the internal bathing fluid, increased SCC in a dose-dependent manner with a maximal effect at 1 microM. This increase was due to a stimulation of both Na+ absorption and Cl- secretion. Bumetanide (20 microM in the internal fluid), an inhibitor of the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter, reduced the action of physalaemin on SCC by 46%. Furthermore diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (DPC, 0.1 mM in the external fluid), an inhibitor of Cl- channels, decreased the effect of the peptide on SCC by 48%. It is concluded that physalaemin activates the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter at the basolateral membrane, accumulating Cl- in the cells and favouring its exit through Cl- channels at the outermost membrane of the epithelium. An inhibitor of cyclooxygenases, i.e. naproxen, strongly inhibited the physalaemin effect on SCC, whereas 5,8,11-eicosatriynoic acid (ETI), an inhibitor of lipooxygenases was without effect. Therefore, it is proposed that prostaglandins (probably PGE2) are the cellular mediators of this action. An antagonist of NK1 receptors for tachykinins, CP 99,994, inhibited the physalaemin action on SCC, whereas challenge with SR 48,968, an antagonist of NK2 receptors, had no effect on physalaemin action. It is concluded that physalaemin effect on SCC in frog skin is mediated by its interaction with NK1 receptors.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010803	Physalaemin	An oligopeptide isolated from the skin of Physalaemus fuscumaculatus, a South American frog. It is a typical kinin, resembling SUBSTANCE P in structure and action and has been proposed as a sialagogue, antihypertensive, and vasodilator.	Physalemin
D011893	Rana esculenta	An edible species of the family Ranidae, occurring in Europe and used extensively in biomedical research. Commonly referred to as "edible frog".	Pelophylax esculentus
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012867	Skin	The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.
D013373	Substance P	An eleven-amino acid neurotransmitter that appears in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It is involved in transmission of PAIN, causes rapid contractions of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle, and modulates inflammatory and immune responses.	Euler-Gaddum Substance P,Hypothalamic Substance P,SP(1-11),Euler Gaddum Substance P,Substance P, Euler-Gaddum,Substance P, Hypothalamic
D016718	Arachidonic Acid	An unsaturated, essential fatty acid. It is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides. It is formed by the synthesis from dietary linoleic acid and is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.	(all-Z)-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid,Arachidonic Acid, (all-Z)-Isomer, 1-(14)C-Labeled,Arachidonic Acid, (all-Z)-isomer, 3H-Labeled,Arachidonic Acid, Ammonium Salt, (all-Z)-Isomer,Arachidonic Acid, Cerium Salt, (all-Z)-Isomer,Arachidonic Acid, Cesium Salt, (all-Z)-Isomer,Arachidonic Acid, Lithium Salt, (all-Z)-Isomer,Arachidonic Acid, Potassium Salt, (all-Z)-Isomer,Arachidonic Acid, Sodium Salt,Arachidonic Acid, Sodium Salt, (all-Z)-Isomer,Arachidonic Acid, Zinc Salt, (all-Z)-Isomer,Sodium Arachidonate,Vitamin F,Arachidonate, Sodium
D017136	Ion Transport	The movement of ions across energy-transducing cell membranes. Transport can be active, passive or facilitated. Ions may travel by themselves (uniport), or as a group of two or more ions in the same (symport) or opposite (antiport) directions.	Antiport,Ion Cotransport,Ion Exchange, Intracellular,Symport,Uniport,Active Ion Transport,Facilitated Ion Transport,Passive Ion Transport,Cotransport, Ion,Exchange, Intracellular Ion,Intracellular Ion Exchange,Ion Transport, Active,Ion Transport, Facilitated,Ion Transport, Passive,Transport, Active Ion,Transport, Ion
D066298	In Vitro Techniques	Methods to study reactions or processes taking place in an artificial environment outside the living organism.	In Vitro Test,In Vitro Testing,In Vitro Tests,In Vitro as Topic,In Vitro,In Vitro Technique,In Vitro Testings,Technique, In Vitro,Techniques, In Vitro,Test, In Vitro,Testing, In Vitro,Testings, In Vitro,Tests, In Vitro,Vitro Testing, In