Biomaterial Database

Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to antituberculosis drugs in the Central Region of Thailand, 1996. 1998

P Riantawan, and J Punnotok, and R Chaisuksuwan, and V Pransujarit

Central Chest Hospital, Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand.

OBJECTIVE To determine the proportion and profile of antituberculosis drug resistance among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Thailand. METHODS A 500-bed cardiothoracic centre. METHODS From January to December 1996, isolates of M. tuberculosis from consecutive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis underwent susceptibility testing to isoniazid (H), rifampicin (R), ethambutol (E), streptomycin (S), kanamycin (K), and ofloxacin (O). RESULTS In all, 1861 strains were tested, 1738 from new cases and 123 from previously treated cases. Overall initial and acquired resistance were 20.9% and 53.6%, respectively. The percentages of initial resistance to R, H, S, O, K and E were 12.6, 8.3, 6.6, 1.8, 1.1 and 0.8, respectively, whereas those of acquired resistance were 43.0, 29.2, 21.1, 9.7, 8.1 and 4.8, respectively. Multidrug resistance was observed in 4.2% of new patients and 25.2% of previously treated patients. CONCLUSIONS The overall drug resistance of M. tuberculosis in the central region of Thailand is high, and acquired multidrug resistance has reached an ominous level. The results have serious implications for tuberculosis control in Thailand. Urgent measures are needed to control the spread of drug resistance, and supervised treatment of standard protocol should be adhered to more strictly.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007538	Isoniazid	Antibacterial agent used primarily as a tuberculostatic. It remains the treatment of choice for tuberculosis.	Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide,Ftivazide,Isonex,Isonicotinic Acid Vanillylidenehydrazide,Phthivazid,Phthivazide,Tubazide,Acid Vanillylidenehydrazide, Isonicotinic,Hydrazide, Isonicotinic Acid,Vanillylidenehydrazide, Isonicotinic Acid
D007612	Kanamycin	Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.	Kanamycin A,Kanamycin Sulfate,Kantrex
D008297	Male		Males
D008826	Microbial Sensitivity Tests	Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).	Bacterial Sensitivity Tests,Drug Sensitivity Assay, Microbial,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,Antibacterial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Antibiogram,Antimicrobial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Bacterial Sensitivity Test,Breakpoint Determination, Antibacterial Susceptibility,Breakpoint Determination, Antimicrobial Susceptibility,Fungal Drug Sensitivity Tests,Fungus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Sensitivity Test, Bacterial,Sensitivity Tests, Bacterial,Test, Bacterial Sensitivity,Tests, Bacterial Sensitivity,Viral Drug Sensitivity Tests,Virus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Antibiograms,Concentration, Minimum Inhibitory,Concentrations, Minimum Inhibitory,Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum,Inhibitory Concentrations, Minimum,Microbial Sensitivity Test,Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations,Sensitivity Test, Microbial,Sensitivity Tests, Microbial,Test, Microbial Sensitivity,Tests, Microbial Sensitivity
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009169	Mycobacterium tuberculosis	A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that produces TUBERCULOSIS in humans, other primates, CATTLE; DOGS; and some other animals which have contact with humans. Growth tends to be in serpentine, cordlike masses in which the bacilli show a parallel orientation.	Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D004352	Drug Resistance, Microbial	The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).	Antibiotic Resistance,Antibiotic Resistance, Microbial,Antimicrobial Resistance, Drug,Antimicrobial Drug Resistance,Antimicrobial Drug Resistances,Antimicrobial Resistances, Drug,Drug Antimicrobial Resistance,Drug Antimicrobial Resistances,Drug Resistances, Microbial,Resistance, Antibiotic,Resistance, Drug Antimicrobial,Resistances, Drug Antimicrobial
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man