Biomaterial Database

Vasoactive intestinal peptide secretion by turkey hypothalamic explants. 1998

Y Chaiseha, and O M Youngren, and M E El Halawani

Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, 55108, USA.

The objective of this study was to culture turkey hypothalami and examine vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) release during the turkey reproductive cycle. The release of VIP was studied employing a computer-guided perifusion system. Hypothalami were perifused with Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate medium for 10 or 15 h at a flow rate of 40 microliter/min, and perifusate was collected at 5-min intervals. Basal VIP secretion increased (p < 0.05) over time, and no differences in release rate were noted between reproductive stages. Basal VIP release during perifusion was episodic throughout each experimental period. Perifusion with dopamine (DA; 10 and 100 nmol/min) in incubating hens stimulated VIP release in a dose-dependent manner. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in VIP release in response to DA stimulation between hypothalamic fragments obtained from nonphotostimulated and incubating birds. The data suggest that 1) a VIP pulse generator appears to be located within the turkey hypothalamus, on the basis of the observed pulsatile release of VIP; 2) hypothalamic secretion of VIP is augmented by removal of inhibitory factors residing outside of the hypothalamus, or by the loss of negative feedback mechanisms that inhibit VIP release; and 3) mechanisms responsible for altering VIP release during different reproductive conditions may lie external to the hypothalamus.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007031	Hypothalamus	Ventral part of the DIENCEPHALON extending from the region of the OPTIC CHIASM to the caudal border of the MAMMILLARY BODIES and forming the inferior and lateral walls of the THIRD VENTRICLE.	Lamina Terminalis,Preoptico-Hypothalamic Area,Area, Preoptico-Hypothalamic,Areas, Preoptico-Hypothalamic,Preoptico Hypothalamic Area,Preoptico-Hypothalamic Areas
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008027	Light	That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared range.	Light, Visible,Photoradiation,Radiation, Visible,Visible Radiation,Photoradiations,Radiations, Visible,Visible Light,Visible Radiations
D010058	Oviposition	The process of laying or shedding fully developed eggs (OVA) from the female body. The term is usually used for certain INSECTS or FISHES with an organ called ovipositor where eggs are stored or deposited before expulsion from the body.	Larviposition,Larvipositions,Ovipositions
D003470	Culture Media	Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.	Media, Culture
D004298	Dopamine	One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action.	Hydroxytyramine,3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine,4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2-benzenediol,Dopamine Hydrochloride,Intropin,3,4 Dihydroxyphenethylamine,Hydrochloride, Dopamine
D005260	Female		Females
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014422	Turkeys	Large woodland game BIRDS in the subfamily Meleagridinae, family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. Formerly they were considered a distinct family, Melegrididae.	Meleagridinae,Meleagrididae
D014660	Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide	A highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological actions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems and is neuroprotective. It binds special receptors (RECEPTORS, VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE).	VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide),Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide,Vasointestinal Peptide,Intestinal Peptide, Vasoactive,Intestinal Polypeptide, Vasoactive,Peptide, Vasoactive Intestinal,Peptide, Vasointestinal,Polypeptide, Vasoactive Intestinal