Quality assurance of central axis dose data for photon beams by means of a functional representation of the tissue phantom ratio. 1998

Y Xiao, and M D Altschuler, and B E Bjärngard
Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.

A recently proposed four-parameter functional representation for the tissue phantom ratio (TPR) in the domain of electronic equilibrium was tested for accuracy and applied to quality assurance of central axis dose data. The four parameters are energy dependent and are found for each beam by a minmax search. For photon energies of 4 MV and greater, the functional representation was accurate to within 1% of measured data for all depths and field sizes exceeding 10 cm. The representation was also found to be robust. With only nine measurements of the TPR (at the extremes and middle of the electronic equilibrium domain) used to determine the four parameters, the representation reproduced the TPR value of any depth and field size to within 1% of measured data for photon energies of 6 MV or greater. The representation was insensitive to random measurement errors of a magnitude comparable to that expected in clinical practice. Other findings indicated that the representation degrades gracefully as the domain is extended into regions not in electronic equilibrium. When used with a QA program, the functional representation of TPR provides a means of detecting and correcting errors of measurement and data transcription of central axis dose data.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011785 Quality Assurance, Health Care Activities and programs intended to assure or improve the quality of care in either a defined medical setting or a program. The concept includes the assessment or evaluation of the quality of care; identification of problems or shortcomings in the delivery of care; designing activities to overcome these deficiencies; and follow-up monitoring to ensure effectiveness of corrective steps. Quality Assessment, Health Care,Health Care Quality Assessment,Health Care Quality Assurance,Healthcare Quality Assessment,Healthcare Quality Assurance,Quality Assessment, Healthcare,Quality Assurance, Healthcare,Assessment, Healthcare Quality,Assessments, Healthcare Quality,Assurance, Healthcare Quality,Assurances, Healthcare Quality,Healthcare Quality Assessments,Healthcare Quality Assurances,Quality Assessments, Healthcare,Quality Assurances, Healthcare
D011786 Quality Control A system for verifying and maintaining a desired level of quality in a product or process by careful planning, use of proper equipment, continued inspection, and corrective action as required. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed) Control, Quality,Controls, Quality,Quality Controls
D011878 Radiotherapy The use of IONIZING RADIATION to treat malignant NEOPLASMS and some benign conditions. Radiotherapy, Targeted,Targeted Radiotherapy,Radiation Therapy,Radiation Therapy, Targeted,Radiation Treatment,Targeted Radiation Therapy,Radiation Therapies,Radiation Therapies, Targeted,Radiation Treatments,Radiotherapies,Radiotherapies, Targeted,Targeted Radiation Therapies,Targeted Radiotherapies,Therapies, Radiation,Therapies, Targeted Radiation,Therapy, Radiation,Therapy, Targeted Radiation,Treatment, Radiation
D011880 Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted Computer-assisted mathematical calculations of beam angles, intensities of radiation, and duration of irradiation in radiotherapy. Computer-Assisted Radiotherapy Planning,Dosimetry Calculations, Computer-Assisted,Planning, Computer-Assisted Radiotherapy,Calculation, Computer-Assisted Dosimetry,Calculations, Computer-Assisted Dosimetry,Computer Assisted Radiotherapy Planning,Computer-Assisted Dosimetry Calculation,Computer-Assisted Dosimetry Calculations,Dosimetry Calculation, Computer-Assisted,Dosimetry Calculations, Computer Assisted,Planning, Computer Assisted Radiotherapy,Radiotherapy Planning, Computer Assisted
D004581 Electronics The study, control, and application of the conduction of ELECTRICITY through gases or vacuum, or through semiconducting or conducting materials. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed) Electronic
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012984 Software Sequential operating programs and data which instruct the functioning of a digital computer. Computer Programs,Computer Software,Open Source Software,Software Engineering,Software Tools,Computer Applications Software,Computer Programs and Programming,Computer Software Applications,Application, Computer Software,Applications Software, Computer,Applications Softwares, Computer,Applications, Computer Software,Computer Applications Softwares,Computer Program,Computer Software Application,Engineering, Software,Open Source Softwares,Program, Computer,Programs, Computer,Software Application, Computer,Software Applications, Computer,Software Tool,Software, Computer,Software, Computer Applications,Software, Open Source,Softwares, Computer Applications,Softwares, Open Source,Source Software, Open,Source Softwares, Open,Tool, Software,Tools, Software
D015203 Reproducibility of Results The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results. Reliability and Validity,Reliability of Result,Reproducibility Of Result,Reproducibility of Finding,Validity of Result,Validity of Results,Face Validity,Reliability (Epidemiology),Reliability of Results,Reproducibility of Findings,Test-Retest Reliability,Validity (Epidemiology),Finding Reproducibilities,Finding Reproducibility,Of Result, Reproducibility,Of Results, Reproducibility,Reliabilities, Test-Retest,Reliability, Test-Retest,Result Reliabilities,Result Reliability,Result Validities,Result Validity,Result, Reproducibility Of,Results, Reproducibility Of,Test Retest Reliability,Validity and Reliability,Validity, Face
D017785 Photons Discrete concentrations of energy, apparently massless elementary particles, that move at the speed of light. They are the unit or quantum of electromagnetic radiation. Photons are emitted when electrons move from one energy state to another. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)
D019047 Phantoms, Imaging Devices or objects in various imaging techniques used to visualize or enhance visualization by simulating conditions encountered in the procedure. Phantoms are used very often in procedures employing or measuring x-irradiation or radioactive material to evaluate performance. Phantoms often have properties similar to human tissue. Water demonstrates absorbing properties similar to normal tissue, hence water-filled phantoms are used to map radiation levels. Phantoms are used also as teaching aids to simulate real conditions with x-ray or ultrasonic machines. (From Iturralde, Dictionary and Handbook of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Imaging, 1990) Phantoms, Radiographic,Phantoms, Radiologic,Radiographic Phantoms,Radiologic Phantoms,Phantom, Radiographic,Phantom, Radiologic,Radiographic Phantom,Radiologic Phantom,Imaging Phantom,Imaging Phantoms,Phantom, Imaging

Related Publications

Y Xiao, and M D Altschuler, and B E Bjärngard
December 2007, Bangladesh Medical Research Council bulletin,
Y Xiao, and M D Altschuler, and B E Bjärngard
December 2009, Medical physics,
Y Xiao, and M D Altschuler, and B E Bjärngard
February 2008, Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology,
Y Xiao, and M D Altschuler, and B E Bjärngard
November 1997, Medical physics,
Y Xiao, and M D Altschuler, and B E Bjärngard
March 2003, Physics in medicine and biology,
Y Xiao, and M D Altschuler, and B E Bjärngard
June 1978, Australasian radiology,
Y Xiao, and M D Altschuler, and B E Bjärngard
January 1995, Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden),
Y Xiao, and M D Altschuler, and B E Bjärngard
January 1981, Medical physics,
Y Xiao, and M D Altschuler, and B E Bjärngard
November 2014, Medical physics,
Y Xiao, and M D Altschuler, and B E Bjärngard
January 1991, Medical physics,
Copied contents to your clipboard!