Biomaterial Database

Pulmonary hypertensive effects of lung inflation in chronic hypoxia: a study in rats. 1998

G R Barer, and P C Russell, and K Kapeller

Division of Clinical Sciences, Respiratory Medicine, University of Sheffield, UK.

Lung inflation was compared in isolated perfused lungs of control (C) and chronically hypoxic (CH) rats; in the latter, there is muscularization and loss of compliance in the pulmonary arterial system. During ventilation hypoxia, high alveolar pressure (Palv) elevated the pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa) less in C than in CH rats; Ppa fell during sustained inflation, rose on deflation, and after inflation hypoxic vasoconstriction was attenuated. Opposite changes took place in CH rats; Ppa often rose during inflation, fell on deflation, and after inflation hypoxic vasoconstriction was enhanced. Inflation also increased Ppa more in CH than C rats during air ventilation. Ppa/Palv relations measured during incremental inflation revealed normoxic tone in "extra-alveolar" vessels in both rat groups, which usually increased during hypoxia. In CH, but not C rats, there was also evidence for constriction in "alveolar" vessels during hypoxia. The effects of inflation were not changed by NO synthase blockade in either rat group. Pulmonary hypertensive effects of inflation in chronically hypoxic rats can be attributed to vascular remodelling.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006976	Hypertension, Pulmonary	Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.	Pulmonary Hypertension
D008168	Lung	Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.	Lungs
D008297	Male		Males
D011651	Pulmonary Artery	The short wide vessel arising from the conus arteriosus of the right ventricle and conveying unaerated blood to the lungs.	Arteries, Pulmonary,Artery, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Arteries
D011667	Pulmonary Veins	The veins that return the oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.	Pulmonary Vein,Vein, Pulmonary,Veins, Pulmonary
D004791	Enzyme Inhibitors	Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.	Enzyme Inhibitor,Inhibitor, Enzyme,Inhibitors, Enzyme
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000860	Hypoxia	Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms.	Anoxia,Oxygen Deficiency,Anoxemia,Deficiency, Oxygen,Hypoxemia,Deficiencies, Oxygen,Oxygen Deficiencies
D014655	Vascular Resistance	The force that opposes the flow of BLOOD through a vascular bed. It is equal to the difference in BLOOD PRESSURE across the vascular bed divided by the CARDIAC OUTPUT.	Peripheral Resistance,Total Peripheral Resistance,Pulmonary Vascular Resistance,Systemic Vascular Resistance,Peripheral Resistance, Total,Resistance, Peripheral,Resistance, Pulmonary Vascular,Resistance, Systemic Vascular,Resistance, Total Peripheral,Resistance, Vascular,Vascular Resistance, Pulmonary,Vascular Resistance, Systemic
D017208	Rats, Wistar	A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.	Wistar Rat,Rat, Wistar,Wistar Rats