A method for assessing strand breaks in DNA. 1998

L Peng, and M J Brisco, and A A Morley
Department of Hematology, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia.

A simple method has been developed to assess strand breaks in extracted DNA. The method uses the enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TDT) to incorporate labeled deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) in the presence of dideoxy-CTP (ddCTP) which is added to ensure that the reaction goes to completion. Following development of the method, the extent of DNA degradation in 21 blood or bone marrow samples, which had varying degrees of DNA degradation, was measured by the TDT assay, by gel electrophoresis, or by a laborious PCR-based method which quantifies the number of amplifiable N-ras targets in a sample. The TDT assay was more sensitive at detecting strand breaks than electrophoresis and there was good correlation between the results of the TDT assay and the N-ras assay. The TDT assay was also used to demonstrate the development of strand breaks during induced apoptosis. The TDT assay is thus a simple and semiquantitative method to study strand breaks produced by DNA damage.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008214 Lymphocytes White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS. Lymphoid Cells,Cell, Lymphoid,Cells, Lymphoid,Lymphocyte,Lymphoid Cell
D010761 Phosphorus Radioisotopes Unstable isotopes of phosphorus that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. P atoms with atomic weights 28-34 except 31 are radioactive phosphorus isotopes. Radioisotopes, Phosphorus
D011905 Genes, ras Family of retrovirus-associated DNA sequences (ras) originally isolated from Harvey (H-ras, Ha-ras, rasH) and Kirsten (K-ras, Ki-ras, rasK) murine sarcoma viruses. Ras genes are widely conserved among animal species and sequences corresponding to both H-ras and K-ras genes have been detected in human, avian, murine, and non-vertebrate genomes. The closely related N-ras gene has been detected in human neuroblastoma and sarcoma cell lines. All genes of the family have a similar exon-intron structure and each encodes a p21 protein. Ha-ras Genes,Ki-ras Genes,N-ras Genes,c-Ha-ras Genes,c-Ki-ras Genes,c-N-ras Genes,ras Genes,v-Ha-ras Genes,v-Ki-ras Genes,H-ras Genes,H-ras Oncogenes,Ha-ras Oncogenes,K-ras Genes,K-ras Oncogenes,Ki-ras Oncogenes,N-ras Oncogenes,c-H-ras Genes,c-H-ras Proto-Oncogenes,c-Ha-ras Proto-Oncogenes,c-K-ras Genes,c-K-ras Proto-Oncogenes,c-Ki-ras Proto-Oncogenes,c-N-ras Proto-Oncogenes,ras Oncogene,v-H-ras Genes,v-H-ras Oncogenes,v-Ha-ras Oncogenes,v-K-ras Genes,v-K-ras Oncogenes,v-Ki-ras Oncogenes,Gene, Ha-ras,Gene, Ki-ras,Gene, v-Ha-ras,Gene, v-Ki-ras,Genes, Ha-ras,Genes, Ki-ras,Genes, N-ras,Genes, v-Ha-ras,Genes, v-Ki-ras,H ras Genes,H ras Oncogenes,H-ras Gene,H-ras Oncogene,Ha ras Genes,Ha ras Oncogenes,Ha-ras Gene,Ha-ras Oncogene,K ras Genes,K ras Oncogenes,K-ras Gene,K-ras Oncogene,Ki ras Genes,Ki ras Oncogenes,Ki-ras Gene,Ki-ras Oncogene,N ras Genes,N ras Oncogenes,N-ras Gene,N-ras Oncogene,c H ras Genes,c H ras Proto Oncogenes,c Ha ras Genes,c Ha ras Proto Oncogenes,c K ras Genes,c K ras Proto Oncogenes,c Ki ras Genes,c Ki ras Proto Oncogenes,c N ras Genes,c N ras Proto Oncogenes,c-H-ras Gene,c-H-ras Proto-Oncogene,c-Ha-ras Gene,c-Ha-ras Proto-Oncogene,c-K-ras Gene,c-K-ras Proto-Oncogene,c-Ki-ras Gene,c-Ki-ras Proto-Oncogene,c-N-ras Gene,c-N-ras Proto-Oncogene,ras Gene,ras Oncogenes,v H ras Genes,v H ras Oncogenes,v Ha ras Genes,v Ha ras Oncogenes,v K ras Genes,v K ras Oncogenes,v Ki ras Genes,v Ki ras Oncogenes,v-H-ras Gene,v-H-ras Oncogene,v-Ha-ras Gene,v-Ha-ras Oncogene,v-K-ras Gene,v-K-ras Oncogene,v-Ki-ras Gene,v-Ki-ras Oncogene
D001854 Bone Marrow Cells Cells contained in the bone marrow including fat cells (see ADIPOCYTES); STROMAL CELLS; MEGAKARYOCYTES; and the immediate precursors of most blood cells. Bone Marrow Cell,Cell, Bone Marrow,Cells, Bone Marrow,Marrow Cell, Bone,Marrow Cells, Bone
D003845 Deoxycytosine Nucleotides Cytosine nucleotides which contain deoxyribose as the sugar moiety. Deoxycytidine Phosphates,Nucleotides, Deoxycytosine,Phosphates, Deoxycytidine
D003854 Deoxyribonucleotides A purine or pyrimidine base bonded to a DEOXYRIBOSE containing a bond to a phosphate group. Deoxyribonucleotide
D004247 DNA A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine). DNA, Double-Stranded,Deoxyribonucleic Acid,ds-DNA,DNA, Double Stranded,Double-Stranded DNA,ds DNA
D004249 DNA Damage Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS. DNA Injury,DNA Lesion,DNA Lesions,Genotoxic Stress,Stress, Genotoxic,Injury, DNA,DNA Injuries
D004253 DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase A non-template-directed DNA polymerase normally found in vertebrate thymus and bone marrow. It catalyzes the elongation of oligo- or polydeoxynucleotide chains and is widely used as a tool in the differential diagnosis of acute leukemias in man. EC 2.7.7.31. Terminal Addition Enzyme,Terminal Deoxyribonucleotidyltransferase,Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase,Deoxynucleotidyltransferase,Desoxynucleotidyl Transferase,Desoxynucleotidyltransferase,Tdt Antigen,Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase,Terminal Deoxyribonucleotidyl Transferase,Addition Enzyme, Terminal,Antigen, Tdt,Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase, Terminal,Deoxyribonucleotidyl Transferase, Terminal,Deoxyribonucleotidyltransferase, Terminal,Enzyme, Terminal Addition,Nucleotidylexotransferase, DNA,Transferase, Deoxynucleotidyl,Transferase, Desoxynucleotidyl,Transferase, Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl,Transferase, Terminal Deoxyribonucleotidyl
D004587 Electrophoresis, Agar Gel Electrophoresis in which agar or agarose gel is used as the diffusion medium. Electrophoresis, Agarose Gel,Agar Gel Electrophoresis,Agarose Gel Electrophoresis,Gel Electrophoresis, Agar,Gel Electrophoresis, Agarose

Related Publications

L Peng, and M J Brisco, and A A Morley
March 1974, Journal of biochemistry,
L Peng, and M J Brisco, and A A Morley
August 1990, Biochemical Society transactions,
L Peng, and M J Brisco, and A A Morley
May 1993, Radiation research,
L Peng, and M J Brisco, and A A Morley
July 2018, Medical physics,
L Peng, and M J Brisco, and A A Morley
June 2019, Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB),
L Peng, and M J Brisco, and A A Morley
March 2016, Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias,
L Peng, and M J Brisco, and A A Morley
January 2001, Environmental and molecular mutagenesis,
L Peng, and M J Brisco, and A A Morley
June 2020, Nature methods,
L Peng, and M J Brisco, and A A Morley
March 1983, Immunology today,
Copied contents to your clipboard!