Human glomerular structure under normal conditions and in isolated glomerular disease. 1998

A Bohle, and B Aeikens, and A Eenboom, and L Fronholt, and W R Plate, and J C Xiao, and A Greschniok, and M Wehrmann
Institute of Pathology, University of Tübingen, Germany.

Investigation of the human glomerulus in health and disease shows that the human glomerulus comprises seven lobule-like structures with numerous anastomoses. The total length of the capillaries in a single glomerulus is 0.95 cm, making a total of 19 km for all 2-million glomeruli. The total surface area of all glomerular capillaries is 6,000 cm2. The total filtration surface area is 516.1 cm2. Severe isolated disease of the glomerulus, as seen in acute endocapillary glomerulonephritis, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis types I and II, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis plus chronic membranous glomerulonephritis, diabetic glomerulosclerosis, and glomerular amyloidosis, does not lead to elevation of serum creatinine concentration, even if the filtration area is reduced to about 20% (as in diabetes) of the normal value. It is concluded that isolated glomerular disease does not lead to elevation of the serum creatinine concentration. Glomerulopathies in which there is acute or chronic elevation of the serum creatinine concentration are accompanied by acute renal failure or involvement of the renal cortical interstitium, respectively.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007678 Kidney Glomerulus A cluster of convoluted capillaries beginning at each nephric tubule in the kidney and held together by connective tissue. Glomerulus, Kidney
D012079 Renal Circulation The circulation of the BLOOD through the vessels of the KIDNEY. Kidney Circulation,Renal Blood Flow,Circulation, Kidney,Circulation, Renal,Blood Flow, Renal,Flow, Renal Blood
D002196 Capillaries The minute vessels that connect arterioles and venules. Capillary Beds,Sinusoidal Beds,Sinusoids,Bed, Sinusoidal,Beds, Sinusoidal,Capillary,Capillary Bed,Sinusoid,Sinusoidal Bed
D003404 Creatinine Creatinine Sulfate Salt,Krebiozen,Salt, Creatinine Sulfate,Sulfate Salt, Creatinine
D003928 Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE. Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis,Glomerulosclerosis, Diabetic,Diabetic Kidney Disease,Diabetic Nephropathy,Intracapillary Glomerulosclerosis,Kimmelstiel-Wilson Disease,Kimmelstiel-Wilson Syndrome,Nodular Glomerulosclerosis,Diabetic Kidney Diseases,Glomerulosclerosis, Nodular,Kidney Disease, Diabetic,Kidney Diseases, Diabetic,Kimmelstiel Wilson Disease,Kimmelstiel Wilson Syndrome,Nephropathies, Diabetic,Nephropathy, Diabetic,Syndrome, Kimmelstiel-Wilson
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D015432 Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative Chronic glomerulonephritis characterized histologically by proliferation of MESANGIAL CELLS, increase in the MESANGIAL EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX, and a thickening of the glomerular capillary walls. This may appear as a primary disorder or secondary to other diseases including infections and autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Various subtypes are classified by their abnormal ultrastructures and immune deposits. Hypocomplementemia is a characteristic feature of all types of MPGN. C3G Complement 3 Glomerulopathy,Complement 3 Glomerulopathies,Complement 3 Glomerulopathy,Glomerulonephritis, Mesangiocapillary,MPGN Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis,Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis,Mesangiocapillary Glomerulonephritis,DDD MPGNII,Dense Deposit Disease,Glomerulonephritis, Hypocomplementemic,MPGNII,Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis Type II,Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis, Type I,Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis, Type II,Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis, Type III,Mesangiocapillary Glomerulonephritis, Type I,Mesangiocapillary Glomerulonephritis, Type II,Subendothelial Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis,Type II MPGN,DDD MPGNIIs,Glomerulonephritides, MPGN Membranoproliferative,Glomerulonephritides, Membranoproliferative,Glomerulonephritis, MPGN Membranoproliferative,Glomerulopathies, Complement 3,Glomerulopathy, Complement 3,Hypocomplementemic Glomerulonephritides,Hypocomplementemic Glomerulonephritis,MPGN Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritides,MPGN, Type II,MPGNII, DDD,MPGNIIs,Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritides,Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritides, MPGN,Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis, MPGN,Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis, Subendothelial,Mesangiocapillary Glomerulonephritides,Type II MPGNs
D058186 Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions. Acute Kidney Failure,Acute Kidney Insufficiency,Acute Renal Failure,Acute Renal Injury,Acute Renal Insufficiency,Kidney Failure, Acute,Kidney Insufficiency, Acute,Renal Failure, Acute,Renal Insufficiency, Acute,Acute Kidney Failures,Acute Kidney Injuries,Acute Kidney Insufficiencies,Acute Renal Failures,Acute Renal Injuries,Acute Renal Insufficiencies,Kidney Failures, Acute,Kidney Injuries, Acute,Kidney Injury, Acute,Kidney Insufficiencies, Acute,Renal Failures, Acute,Renal Injuries, Acute,Renal Injury, Acute,Renal Insufficiencies, Acute

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