Biomaterial Database

Adrenergic and cholinergic inputs in preoptic area of rats interact for sleep-wake thermoregulation. 1998

B N Mallick, and M M Joseph

School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.

Isolated studies have shown that both norepinephrine and acetylcholine into the medial preoptico-anterior hypothalamic area tonically regulate sleep-wake and body temperature. A possible interaction between these neurotransmitters for the regulation of such functions has been investigated in this study. To study this interaction a combination of either prazosin and carbachol or, scopolamine and methoxamine was injected into the medial preoptico-anterior hypothalamic area and the effect on sleep, wake, and rectal temperature recorded simultaneously. The combination of chemicals were selected based on our previous studies where it was observed that each of the chemicals in a combination had opposite effects. It was observed that injection of the combination expressed a resultant summated effects of individual component chemicals when injected in isolation (observed in previous studies). Because effect of neither of the chemicals in the combination was dominant, the results suggest an interaction and integration of the adrenergic and cholinergic inputs in the medial preoptico-anterior hypothalamic area for the regulation of sleep-wakefulness and body temperature.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008729	Methoxamine	An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist that causes prolonged peripheral VASOCONSTRICTION.	Methoxamedrin,Methoxamine Hydrochloride,Metoxamine Wellcome,Vasoxin,Vasoxine,Vasoxyl,Vasylox,Hydrochloride, Methoxamine,Wellcome, Metoxamine
D009638	Norepinephrine	Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the ADRENAL MEDULLA and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers, and of the diffuse projection system in the brain that arises from the LOCUS CERULEUS. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.	Levarterenol,Levonorepinephrine,Noradrenaline,Arterenol,Levonor,Levophed,Levophed Bitartrate,Noradrenaline Bitartrate,Noradrénaline tartrate renaudin,Norepinephrin d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine Bitartrate,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:2),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+,-)-Isomer
D011224	Prazosin	A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.	Furazosin,Minipress,Pratsiol,Prazosin HCL,Prazosin Hydrochloride,HCL, Prazosin,Hydrochloride, Prazosin
D011301	Preoptic Area	Region of hypothalamus between the ANTERIOR COMMISSURE and OPTIC CHIASM.	Area Preoptica,Lateral Preoptic Area,Medial Preoptic Area,Preoptic Nuclei,Area Preopticas,Area, Lateral Preoptic,Area, Medial Preoptic,Area, Preoptic,Areas, Lateral Preoptic,Areas, Medial Preoptic,Areas, Preoptic,Lateral Preoptic Areas,Medial Preoptic Areas,Nuclei, Preoptic,Nucleus, Preoptic,Preoptic Area, Lateral,Preoptic Area, Medial,Preoptic Areas,Preoptic Areas, Lateral,Preoptic Areas, Medial,Preoptic Nucleus,Preoptica, Area,Preopticas, Area
D001833	Body Temperature Regulation	The processes of heating and cooling that an organism uses to control its temperature.	Heat Loss,Thermoregulation,Regulation, Body Temperature,Temperature Regulation, Body,Body Temperature Regulations,Heat Losses,Loss, Heat,Losses, Heat,Regulations, Body Temperature,Temperature Regulations, Body,Thermoregulations
D002217	Carbachol	A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.	Carbamylcholine,Carbacholine,Carbamann,Carbamoylcholine,Carbastat,Carbocholine,Carboptic,Doryl,Isopto Carbachol,Jestryl,Miostat,Carbachol, Isopto
D004353	Drug Evaluation, Preclinical	Preclinical testing of drugs in experimental animals or in vitro for their biological and toxic effects and potential clinical applications.	Drug Screening,Evaluation Studies, Drug, Pre-Clinical,Drug Evaluation Studies, Preclinical,Drug Evaluations, Preclinical,Evaluation Studies, Drug, Preclinical,Evaluation, Preclinical Drug,Evaluations, Preclinical Drug,Medicinal Plants Testing, Preclinical,Preclinical Drug Evaluation,Preclinical Drug Evaluations,Drug Screenings,Screening, Drug,Screenings, Drug
D000109	Acetylcholine	A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system.	2-(Acetyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium,Acetilcolina Cusi,Acetylcholine Bromide,Acetylcholine Chloride,Acetylcholine Fluoride,Acetylcholine Hydroxide,Acetylcholine Iodide,Acetylcholine L-Tartrate,Acetylcholine Perchlorate,Acetylcholine Picrate,Acetylcholine Picrate (1:1),Acetylcholine Sulfate (1:1),Bromoacetylcholine,Chloroacetylcholine,Miochol,Acetylcholine L Tartrate,Bromide, Acetylcholine,Cusi, Acetilcolina,Fluoride, Acetylcholine,Hydroxide, Acetylcholine,Iodide, Acetylcholine,L-Tartrate, Acetylcholine,Perchlorate, Acetylcholine
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia