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High absorbency and subchronic morphologic effects on the nasal epithelium of a nasal insulin powder dosage form with a soybean-derived sterylglucoside mixture in rabbits. 1998

T Yamamoto, and Y Maitani, and T Ando, and K Isowa, and K Takayama, and T Nagai
Department of Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan.

A soybean-derived sterylglucoside mixture (SG) is a potential enhancer of the nasal absorption of insulin. The aim of the study was to examine the absorption of insulin given as the powder dosage form with SG and excipient and to determine the subchronic effects of SG on the morphology of rabbit nasal epithelium. The insulin powder dosage form with SG was administered to the rabbit nasal cavity for five successive days. The average bioavailability and the average pharmacological bioavailability of insulin were about 25.0 and 61.6%, respectively. The nasal mucosa was taken from the nasal cavity and side-effects were investigated using an optiphoto light microscope. The insulin powder dosage form with SG produced no signs of inflammation, erosion or squamous metaplasia. These findings indicate that SG can be considered as a safe and effective enhancer and excipient in the nasal insulin powder dosage form.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007328 Insulin A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1). Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin
D009297 Nasal Mucosa The mucous lining of the NASAL CAVITY, including lining of the nostril (vestibule) and the OLFACTORY MUCOSA. Nasal mucosa consists of ciliated cells, GOBLET CELLS, brush cells, small granule cells, basal cells (STEM CELLS) and glands containing both mucous and serous cells. Nasal Epithelium,Schneiderian Membrane,Epithelium, Nasal,Membrane, Schneiderian,Mucosa, Nasal
D010840 Phytosterols A class of organic compounds known as sterols or STEROIDS derived from plants. Plant Sterols,Phytosteroid,Phytosteroids,Phytosterol,Plant Steroid,Plant Steroids,Plant Sterol,Steroid, Plant,Steroids, Plant,Sterol, Plant,Sterols, Plant
D011208 Powders Substances made up of an aggregation of small particles, as that obtained by grinding or trituration of a solid drug. In pharmacy it is a form in which substances are administered. (From Dorland, 28th ed) Powder
D011817 Rabbits A burrowing plant-eating mammal with hind limbs that are longer than its fore limbs. It belongs to the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha, and in contrast to hares, possesses 22 instead of 24 pairs of chromosomes. Belgian Hare,New Zealand Rabbit,New Zealand Rabbits,New Zealand White Rabbit,Rabbit,Rabbit, Domestic,Chinchilla Rabbits,NZW Rabbits,New Zealand White Rabbits,Oryctolagus cuniculus,Chinchilla Rabbit,Domestic Rabbit,Domestic Rabbits,Hare, Belgian,NZW Rabbit,Rabbit, Chinchilla,Rabbit, NZW,Rabbit, New Zealand,Rabbits, Chinchilla,Rabbits, Domestic,Rabbits, NZW,Rabbits, New Zealand,Zealand Rabbit, New,Zealand Rabbits, New,cuniculus, Oryctolagus
D005079 Excipients Usually inert substances added to a prescription in order to provide suitable consistency to the dosage form. These include binders, matrix, base or diluent in pills, tablets, creams, salves, etc. Excipient,Stabilizing Agent,Stabilizing Agents,Suspending Agent,Suspending Agents,Agent, Stabilizing,Agent, Suspending,Agents, Stabilizing,Agents, Suspending
D005260 Female Females
D005612 Freeze Drying Method of tissue preparation in which the tissue specimen is frozen and then dehydrated at low temperature in a high vacuum. This method is also used for dehydrating pharmaceutical and food products. Lyophilization,Drying, Freeze,Dryings, Freeze,Freeze Dryings,Lyophilizations
D005960 Glucosides A GLYCOSIDE that is derived from GLUCOSE. Glucoside
D000042 Absorption The physical or physiological processes by which substances, tissue, cells, etc. take up or take in other substances or energy.

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