Biomaterial Database

Evaluation of bone mineral density in children receiving antiepileptic drugs. 1998

R Akin, and V Okutan, and U Sarici, and A Altunbas, and E Gökçay

Department of Pediatrics, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.

The effects of the valproic acid and carbamazepine monotherapies on bone mineral density were evaluated. Bone mineral density was measured in 53 children with primary epilepsy taking either valproic acid (n = 25) or carbamazepine (n = 28) for longer than 1 year and in a healthy control group (n = 26) by the dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry method at L2-L4 levels of lumbar vertebrae. The mean serum levels of valproic acid and carbamazepine were 66 +/- 2.2 microg/mL and 7.0 +/- 9.3 microg/mL, respectively, and the mean duration of treatment for each drug was 2.4 +/- 0.2 years and 2.6 +/- 0.5 years, respectively. Calcium intakes in diet were similar in both the control and study groups. The serum levels of calcium and phosphorus in all groups were normal. Bone mineral density values of both valproic acid and carbamazepine groups were not statistically different from that of the control group (P > 0.05).

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D010758	Phosphorus	A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.	Black Phosphorus,Phosphorus-31,Red Phosphorus,White Phosphorus,Yellow Phosphorus,Phosphorus 31,Phosphorus, Black,Phosphorus, Red,Phosphorus, White,Phosphorus, Yellow
D012016	Reference Values	The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.	Normal Range,Normal Values,Reference Ranges,Normal Ranges,Normal Value,Range, Normal,Range, Reference,Ranges, Normal,Ranges, Reference,Reference Range,Reference Value,Value, Normal,Value, Reference,Values, Normal,Values, Reference
D002118	Calcium	A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.	Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002220	Carbamazepine	A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.	Amizepine,Carbamazepine Acetate,Carbamazepine Anhydrous,Carbamazepine Dihydrate,Carbamazepine Hydrochloride,Carbamazepine L-Tartrate (4:1),Carbamazepine Phosphate,Carbamazepine Sulfate (2:1),Carbazepin,Epitol,Finlepsin,Neurotol,Tegretol
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D004827	Epilepsy	A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313)	Aura,Awakening Epilepsy,Seizure Disorder,Epilepsy, Cryptogenic,Auras,Cryptogenic Epilepsies,Cryptogenic Epilepsy,Epilepsies,Epilepsies, Cryptogenic,Epilepsy, Awakening,Seizure Disorders
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000469	Alkaline Phosphatase	An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.1.