Fluid resuscitation is the usual therapy for hemorrhagic shock, and frequently consists of the infusion of large volumes of electrolyte solutions. However, to be successful, this therapy should be implemented soon after injury. A new treatment method in which the infusion could be delayed might result in a greater survival rate. Reducing the volume of fluid needed is also important. Both of these aspects of fluid resuscitation therapy were addressed in this study by supplementing the electrolyte solution with trans-sodium crocetinate (TSC). Rats were subjected to a severe hemorrhage, with 55% (or greater) of the estimated blood volume being removed over a period of approximately 10 min. There were five animals in each treatment group, and two types of experiments were done. In one, a bolus injection of TSC (or saline control) was given immediately after hemorrhage, followed 30 min later with an infusion of isotonic saline. In the other experiments, reduced infusion volumes of a TSC-saline infusion fluid were used. In both cases, TSC resulted in the survival of the animals while the controls all died. Whole-body oxygen consumption also increased with TSC, reaching 75% of the normal resting value after about 15 min. This correlates well with the increased survival rates seen, since mortality after hemorrhagic shock is associated with decreased oxygen consumption. These results suggest that the use of TSC could allow for later implementation of fluid resuscitation therapy as well as reducing the volume needed.