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[Prosthesis of the upper extremity]. 1998

P M Rozing
Academisch Ziekenhuis, afd. Orthopedic, Leiden.

In functional impairment of a joint due to pain and (or) limited mobility in which conservative measures are inadequate, an operation may be considered. The principal possibilities are arthrodesis and implantation of an artificial joint. Reasons to opt for a prosthesis are involvement of adjacent articulations (in rheumatoid arthritis) and preservation of mobility which, together with stability, is necessary for good articular function. The principal indications for implantation of an artificial joint in the upper extremity are rheumatoid arthritis and (to a lesser degree) osteoarthritis and posttraumatic impairments. The functional results of prostheses in the shoulder, elbow and wrist are good, but the proportion of complications is relatively large (compared with that in hip and knee prostheses) and follow-up so far has only been short.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007595 Joint Prosthesis Prostheses used to partially or totally replace a human or animal joint. (from UMDNS, 1999) Joint Prostheses,Prostheses, Joint,Prosthesis, Joint
D008297 Male Males
D010003 Osteoarthritis A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans. Arthritis, Degenerative,Osteoarthrosis,Osteoarthrosis Deformans,Arthroses,Arthrosis,Arthritides, Degenerative,Degenerative Arthritides,Degenerative Arthritis,Osteoarthritides,Osteoarthroses
D004551 Elbow Joint A hinge joint connecting the FOREARM to the ARM. Elbow Joints,Joint, Elbow,Joints, Elbow
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000075202 Contraindications A condition or factor associated with a recipient that makes the use of a drug, procedure, or physical agent improper or inadvisable. Contraindications may be absolute (life threatening) or relative (higher risk of complications in which benefits may outweigh risks). Contraindications, Physical Agent,Medical Contraindications,Agent Contraindication, Physical,Agent Contraindications, Physical,Contraindication,Contraindication, Medical,Contraindication, Physical Agent,Contraindications, Medical,Medical Contraindication,Physical Agent Contraindication,Physical Agent Contraindications
D001172 Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. Rheumatoid Arthritis
D012785 Shoulder Joint The articulation between the head of the HUMERUS and the glenoid cavity of the SCAPULA. Glenohumeral Joint,Glenoid Labrum,Glenohumeral Joints,Joint, Glenohumeral,Joint, Shoulder,Joints, Glenohumeral,Joints, Shoulder,Labrum, Glenoid,Shoulder Joints
D014955 Wrist Joint The joint that is formed by the distal end of the RADIUS, the articular disc of the distal radioulnar joint, and the proximal row of CARPAL BONES; (SCAPHOID BONE; LUNATE BONE; triquetral bone). Joint, Wrist,Joints, Wrist,Wrist Joints

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