The treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome using dantrolene sodium. 1998

Y Tsutsumi, and K Yamamoto, and S Matsuura, and S Hata, and M Sakai, and K Shirakura
Kinkoh Hospital, Kanagawa Prefectural Center of Psychiatry, Yokohama, Japan.

The use of dantrolene sodium (DS) in the treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) was studied from the data of 21 cases of NMS, which satisfied the diagnostic criteria of Pope et al. The mean dosage of DS was 0.97+/-0.52 mg/kg per day and the mean duration of treatment was 8.3+/-5.3 days. It was confirmed that the mean duration of treatment with DS tended to be longer in the cases involving disturbance of consciousness. However, there were no significant differences in the duration of treatment or the mean daily dosage, in the cases without disturbance of consciousness regardless of any other complications and symptoms. Also, there were no significant differences in the mean duration of treatment using DS and the mean dosage of DS between five cases that were considered to be 'typical' and 16 cases that were considered to be 'incomplete'. In addition, the prognoses of these cases were good such that not even one death occurred. In 13 cases, the treatment of psychiatric symptoms with thioridazine was started without recurrence of NMS.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009459 Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome A potentially fatal syndrome associated primarily with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS) which are in turn associated with dopaminergic receptor blockade (see RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) in the BASAL GANGLIA and HYPOTHALAMUS, and sympathetic dysregulation. Clinical features include diffuse MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; high FEVER; diaphoresis; labile blood pressure; cognitive dysfunction; and autonomic disturbances. Serum CPK level elevation and a leukocytosis may also be present. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199; Psychiatr Serv 1998 Sep;49(9):1163-72) Neuroleptic-Induced Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome,Neuroleptic-Malignant Syndrome, Neuroleptic Induced,NMS (Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome),NMSs (Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome),Neuroleptic Induced Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome,Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, Neuroleptic Induced,Neuroleptic Malignant Syndromes,Syndrome, Neuroleptic Malignant,Syndromes, Neuroleptic Malignant
D011379 Prognosis A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations. Prognostic Factor,Prognostic Factors,Factor, Prognostic,Factors, Prognostic,Prognoses
D003243 Consciousness Sense of awareness of self and of the environment. Consciousnesses
D003620 Dantrolene Skeletal muscle relaxant that acts by interfering with excitation-contraction coupling in the muscle fiber. It is used in spasticity and other neuromuscular abnormalities. Although the mechanism of action is probably not central, dantrolene is usually grouped with the central muscle relaxants. Dantrium,Dantrolene Sodium,Sodium, Dantrolene
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293 Adolescent A person 13 to 18 years of age. Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults

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