Biomaterial Database

Quantitative determination of theophylline in pharmaceutical dosage forms by differential spectrophotometry. 1976

Y S Chae, and W H Shelver

Theophylline was determined with good precision in tablets and capsules by differential spectrophotometry. Xanthines such as caffeine and theobromine did not interfere providing the total xanthine concentration was kept below 100 mug/ml. At a higher total xanthine concentration, nonlinearity occurred, presumably due to complex formation. This interference could be minimized by proper selection of the analytical wavelength.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008722	Methods	A series of steps taken in order to conduct research.	Techniques,Methodological Studies,Methodological Study,Procedures,Studies, Methodological,Study, Methodological,Method,Procedure,Technique
D002110	Caffeine	A methylxanthine naturally occurring in some beverages and also used as a pharmacological agent. Caffeine's most notable pharmacological effect is as a central nervous system stimulant, increasing alertness and producing agitation. It also relaxes SMOOTH MUSCLE, stimulates CARDIAC MUSCLE, stimulates DIURESIS, and appears to be useful in the treatment of some types of headache. Several cellular actions of caffeine have been observed, but it is not entirely clear how each contributes to its pharmacological profile. Among the most important are inhibition of cyclic nucleotide PHOSPHODIESTERASES, antagonism of ADENOSINE RECEPTORS, and modulation of intracellular calcium handling.	1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine,Caffedrine,Coffeinum N,Coffeinum Purrum,Dexitac,Durvitan,No Doz,Percoffedrinol N,Percutaféine,Quick-Pep,Vivarin,Quick Pep,QuickPep
D002214	Capsules	Hard or soft soluble containers used for the oral administration of medicine.	Capsule,Microcapsule,Microcapsules
D002621	Chemistry	A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.
D004355	Drug Stability	The chemical and physical integrity of a pharmaceutical product.	Drug Shelf Life,Drugs Shelf Lives,Shelf Life, Drugs,Drug Stabilities,Drugs Shelf Life,Drugs Shelf Live,Life, Drugs Shelf,Shelf Life, Drug,Shelf Live, Drugs,Shelf Lives, Drugs
D004809	Ephedrine	A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.	Ephedrine Hydrochloride,Ephedrine Renaudin,Ephedrine Sulfate,Erythro Isomer of Ephedrine,Sal-Phedrine,Ephedrine Erythro Isomer,Hydrochloride, Ephedrine,Renaudin, Ephedrine,Sal Phedrine,SalPhedrine,Sulfate, Ephedrine
D000654	Amobarbital	A barbiturate with hypnotic and sedative properties (but not antianxiety). Adverse effects are mainly a consequence of dose-related CNS depression and the risk of dependence with continued use is high. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p565)	Amylobarbitone,Pentymal,Amobarbital Sodium,Amsal,Amylbarb sodium,Amylobeta,Amytal,Amytal Sodium,Barbamyl,Eunoctal,Isoamitil Sedante,Isonal,Neur-Amyl,Novamobarb,Placidel,Sodium Amobarbital,Sodium Amytal,Transital,Amobarbital, Sodium,Sodium, Amobarbital
D013056	Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet	Determination of the spectra of ultraviolet absorption by specific molecules in gases or liquids, for example Cl2, SO2, NO2, CS2, ozone, mercury vapor, and various unsaturated compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry
D013607	Tablets	Solid dosage forms, of varying weight, size, and shape, which may be molded or compressed, and which contain a medicinal substance in pure or diluted form. (Dorland, 28th ed)	Tablet
D013805	Theobromine	3,7-Dimethylxanthine. The principle alkaloid in Theobroma cacao (the cacao bean) and other plants. A xanthine alkaloid that is used as a bronchodilator and as a vasodilator. It has a weaker diuretic activity than THEOPHYLLINE and is also a less powerful stimulant of smooth muscle. It has practically no stimulant effect on the central nervous system. It was formerly used as a diuretic and in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, pp1318-9)